Rainbow

Rainbows are meteorological phenomena caused by reflection, refraction, and dispersion of light in water droplets, resulting in a spectrum of light appearing in the sky. They take the form of a multicolored circular arc. Rainbows caused by sunlight always appear in the section of sky directly opposite the sun.

The colors of the rainbow, traditionally listed as red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet, form a continuous spectrum. Red is on the outer part of the arc, while violet is on the inner part. This order is due to the varying wavelengths of light; red light has the longest wavelength, and violet has the shortest.

For a rainbow to form, several conditions must be met. There must be water droplets in the air, sunlight must be shining from behind the observer at a low angle, and the sunlight must enter the water droplets, refract at the surface of the droplets, reflect off the inside surface, and then refract again as it exits the droplets.

Rainbows can be full circles, but from the ground, we typically see only an arc. This is because the horizon usually blocks the bottom half of the circle. From an airplane or other high vantage point, it is sometimes possible to see a full-circle rainbow.

Double rainbows, where a second, fainter arc appears outside the primary arc, occur when light reflects twice inside the water droplets. The order of colors in the secondary rainbow is reversed, with red on the inner part and violet on the outer part.

Rainbows have been a subject of fascination in various cultures, often associated with myths, legends, and symbolism. In many cultures, they are seen as bridges or paths between the earthly and divine realms. They are also commonly associated with promises and good fortune