I think that is why a Central Bank is present in every country, there must be some centralized organization that oversees the creation of money, or else banks would just be creating out of thin air all the money its customers needed, ultimately rendering money useless. With central banks in all countries there is an organization that controls money, therefore I think banks no longer issue money, in your cast the FED does, and in other countries it's the national central bank. Have you heard the conspiracy theory about all wars currently being fought because certain countries didn't have central banks? Well I have checked and that is a lie all the countries in the world have a central bank, and if they don't another countries central bank takes care of this business for them. Better said the controllers are already controlling everything.