Castro invaded Venezuela militarily a few decades ago but he failed. Later, the USSR would fall, causing Cuba to lose political and economic power. As Castro was in trouble, he had to change his hegemonic strategy on the region, so instead of invading with weapons, he would do so through ideology and propaganda. This is not something original of Castro, but something that Gramsci himself mentioned in his diaries: "Socialism had to become religion, and it had to invade schools, universities and the media."

Castro would put his claws on Lula da Silva, who would later become president of Brazil. In addition, he would have as intellectual accomplices in France Jean Paul Sartre, Simone de Buevoir; while in Latin America it would also have the Nobel prize for literature, Gabriel Garcia Marqués, one of the most important literary figures of the 20th century. Through that, Castro was able to become famous and respected by intellectuals of the Latin American left. So much so that even after trying to invade Venezuela, Castro was greeted with applause and praise at the universities. Later, he would invade politics through Hugo Chávez, and thanks to the high oil prices at that time, he was able to suck Venezuela's riches as if it were a vampire, while he managed to buy consciences in Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, Brazil, Chile. A complete hegemony. Which would be weakened by 2013 in the entire southern region.