Everything about the nordic mythology #1: The myth of creation and the nine kingdoms

in #mythology5 years ago

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Learning about new things I am very interested in Nordic mythology and various things of the Viking world of which I would like to write in this blog, therefore I will start a small series of blogs that will have this topic.

Nordic mythology deals with the religion, beliefs, myths and legends of all settlers in Scandinavia; Iceland, Britania, Gaul and Hispania, currently Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland and Iceland. This mythology is characterized by not having official writing, but rather was transmitted through poetry and stories that went from mouth to mouth. Its main sources are the Eddas: the Greater Edda; the oldest dates from the year 1000 or earlier and comprises a collection of anonymous poems, among these poems were the mythical ones that spoke about the creation and end of the world and, the heroic poems that speak of the exploits of Odin and Thor, the Edda Minor also called Snorre Sturluson by who wrote the year 1220, is a manual that consists of three parts: Gylfaginning: description of the myth of creation. Skálskaparmál: systematic presentation of language and poetry. Hattal which meant register in meters, contained the metrical poetry of 102 stanzas, in which were the properties of the poetic language.


The theft of Loki

The myth of creation.

In the beginning of everything, when there was nothing. There was no ocean or trees, there was only cold and heat, the cold was Niflheim the dark world of cold and darkness located in the north, and on the other hand the heat was Muspellheim, the world of eternal heat located in the south. The enormous void between these two worlds was called Ginnungagup, when the twelve rivers of pure glacial water were moving in the stream from Niflheim to Muspellheim they met and soon the currents solidified, the abyss filled with frost, and that frost came from from the encounter between the cold and the heat was born the first giant of frost Ymir the first living being.

A cow named Audumla emerged from the ice. Ymir lived on the milk of the four springs that were released from the creature. Soon after these beings Ymir and Audumla generated their own children asexually, from the sweat of Ymir was born a couple of giants and from their feet another son was born. That was the origin of the frost giants also known as Jotuns. Audumbla on the other hand lived licking the ice of brackish rocks and from this was born the first man named Buri.

Buri had a son named Burr who married Ymir's daughter, Bestla, from this couple were born the gods Odin, Vili and Ve, these three brothers turned against the race of the giants and exterminated them all. From the body of Ymir the earth arose, from its blood arose the sea, from its skull arose the sky, from its bones the mountains formed, from its hair the forest arose, from its brain the clouds formed and from its eyebrows it was created a wall around the uninhabitable exterior. From the sparks formed by the fire of Muspellsheim the stars and the planets were formed. This new world created for human life was called Midgard and next to this the world of the gods called Asgard was created.

Yggdrasil emerged from the ground, the great tree whose powerful branches separate the heavens from the earth and its trunk constitutes the axis of the universe. If Yggdrasil died it would mean the total destruction of the world, in the crown of the great ash an eagle lived and between its eyes a hawk named Vederfølner, by the trunk ran a squirrel called Ratatosk, who reported the news between the eagle and the dragon Nidhug a terrible monster that lived next to one of the roots of Yggdrasil.

Yggdrasil has three roots, the first, where the deer run and the dew of its antlers formed the rivers that extend through Niflheim, the land of shadows and arrive at the source of Hvergerlmir from where these twelve rivers of the northern region flow , the second root extends towards the land of the frost giants Jotunheim where is the well of wisdom of Mimir, at the bottom of the well is one of the eyes of Odin, the one who offered in exchange for wisdom. and, the third root is spread by Asgard located in the skies where is the source of Urd, the wisest of the Norns, this source is cared for by three Norns who are responsible for watering Yggdrasil to keep it flourishing. Those Norns reigned over the destiny of human life.

The race of the dwarves was created by the gods from the worms of the already rotten body of Ymir, the dwarves were destined to live in the depths of the earth throughout the eternity, they can not be reproduced, but when one of them dies, the dwarf princesses have the power to model a new dwarf with stones and earth.

The man and the woman were created from the trunks of trees, carved in wood, it was Odin who gave them life, the god Hoenir endowed their souls and judgment, Lodur gave them warmth and beauty, the man was called Ask and the woman Embla and of them, two descended the human race.

To better understand the scheme of the Nordic universe and its nine kingdoms.

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Yggdrasil


Vanaheim

Vanaheim; the world of creation, is above the earth and is the kingdom of the Vanir gods, who are associated with nature and fertility.


Jotunheim

Jotunheim unlike Vanaheim it is the world of destruction. At first, the giants lived in Ginnungagap, but after their first defeat at the hands of Odin and his brothers Jotunheim was created beyond the ocean that was to the north that surrounds Midgard, this world is separated from Asgard by the Iving river . One of Thor's hobbies is traveling to Jötunheim to kill giants.


Asgard

Asgard is like heaven and salvation, it is the home of the gods, full of mansions, one for each god, except for Odin, who owns three, Gladsheim the place where the gods meet to advise, Valaskialf where his throne exists and for Last Valhalla the most beautiful and brilliant, the house of warriors who perished during combat. Asgard is the residence of the divinity, this world is linked to Midgard by the rainbow called Bifrost, guarded by Heimdall.


Midgard

Midgard is the world in which we live, the kingdom of the human race surrounded by a great ocean. It is the place where the gods located Ask and Embla, the first human beings, to reproduce and perpetuate the species.


Helheim

Helheim is hell and condemnation, the kingdom of death that lies between Svartálfhaheim and Niflheim, is the kingdom of Hel, the daughter of Loki and the entrance is guarded by a dog named Gann. This world is inhabited by all those who died of disease or old age.


Alfheim

Alfheim is the place of light, of the elves, is between Vanaheim and Jotunheim, is the kingdom of Frey.


Svartalfaheim

Svartalfaheim place of darkness, and of the dark elves, evil creatures that protect the kingdom of Helheim.


Muspellheim

Muspellheim as fire and heat, was the highest place, there lived the giants and demons of fire where the blacksmith demon of misfortune called Surt, the most powerful of this part of the world, lives and it is he who would have to face the god that survives the Ragnarok.


Niflheim

Niflheim is the cold and the ice, it is the lowest place, place of darkness where is the source of Hvergelmer and where the monstrous serpent Nidhug lives

Yggdrasil is the base that hold all these worlds among its branches.

References:

TheValkyriesVigil
History of Denmark
Nordic myths and legends


Thor

If you liked this post stay alert! In the next post I will write about the gods and creatures that are part of Nordic mythology.

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