You would need to do some time/pattern analysis to really be sure.

The end result of a whale making sub accounts anonymously that they upvoted to attract band-wagoners without risking their main accounts reputation.

I see this as a net-negative for the ecosystem and would upvote anyone willing to do some voting pattern analysis to identify accounts engaging in this behavior. a) its dishonest, and b) it could potentially damage the ecosystem.

Good question, @bacchist