RE: ADsactly Literature - Supremacy of Reality (Literary Realism)
The realistic movement appeared in France around 1850: it is wrongly attributed, Jules Champfleury who nevertheless wary this term ('The name horrifies me by its pedantic termination, I fear that schools like cholera, and my greatest joy is to meet individuals clear-cut, "Letter to George Sand). He also points out the way he rejects the term, coined by the critics of the media in a book aptly titled 1857 ... Realism.This movement would be, in literature, "relying on methods of science, to to keep rigorously to study and the description of the facts disappear behind the subject. 'There has never been any' school 'realist in the sense that there existed' schools' naturalist, symbolist, surrealist, groups of writers under the banner of a claimed Community aesthetic.
Between the two concepts: realism in relation to romance, it is in literature, leaving the field free to a form of works that oscillate between two.Consider Stendhal, a forerunner of the mirror of literature, near a romance with the violence of the character of Julien Sorel, or felt with La Chartreuse of Parma. Balzac and also, near a romantic realism with the character of Lucien de Rubempre or poetic novel with the lily of the valley. But these nuances have been slow to emerge. "Stendhal and Balzac may have appeared anti-Lamartine, we realized they were better made. Therefore, realism will be the questioning of scientism and Prometheus, the merit and value of human works, which had already organized the effort '
Realism and naturalism words are certainly close, but does not mean quite the same either. Indeed, when Champfleury spoke of realism, he just wanted to say the literature of truth, the desire to reproduce reality. He Emile Zola who first used the term naturalism in 1880 in his famous essay The Experimental Roman. Emile Zola gives a new dimension to realism, it adds a facet that claims to be scientific and is supposed to provide an objective analysis of questions or facts such as heredity and alcoholism.
Grateful for his attentive reading and extensive commentary, @kouba01. You complement the information I have tried to summarize in my post. Some details could be discussed, but this is not the space. I am careful not to speak of "realistic school" because there was no such thing; I speak of movement in the broad sense, as current. However, you may have noticed that I relativize Flaubert's ascription to it. Indeed, realism and naturalism, even when they are related, are not the same, and I also point it out. Greetings.