Emergency Medicine

Emergency medicine, formally known in some countries as trauma and accident department stand as the medical field of study consisting of care for proportionate and unscheduled patients with ailment or injuries requiring urgent medical attention.

Emergency medicine (EM) has developed in its field and task fulfilling a crucial or important part in the safety of patients in several nations. Recently, development, elderly, financial fluctuations, and deteriorate well-being difficulties have led to a bigger understanding and the need for urgent attention to healthcare all over the world. EM is now more significant mainly because of its ability to cater for our everyday therapy or medication wants, and also for provision of preparation and control of catastrophe. There are over 20 countries that recognizes EM for its specialty and there are also countries where it is not yet recognized for example in the developing world. Therefore, many of these countries are trying to follow the trend of such concession so as to develop placement tutoring scheme as such. There are still many countries without this specialty but are working towards developing it and they are trying to reach out to other countries with success and flourishment in this specialty of EM. This allows for medical doctors from thriving countries that are quite dynamic in the administration of representing EM for the provision of enlightenment for the expansion of emergency healthcare schemes, program advancement, aptitude test, placement instruction and study in the developing nations.

Emergency rooms were first established in the 20th century, in order to address the increasing need for medical diagnosis and treatment in critical situations. Nowadays, hospital EDs around the world provide primary health care to patients whose illnesses or symptoms require instant attention and in some cases, may be life frightening. As was previously mentioned, some countries EDs function similarly to EDs in the developed world like the United States and in Europe. Specifically, when a patient arrives at the ED, he or she goes through an initial triage examination, in which a nurse checks the vital signs, runs tests as necessary and categorizes the patient according to his or her condition. The classification process may vary somewhat across hospitals, in particular, it may vary between private and public institutions. But in most cases, it is related to the Emergency Severity Index (ESI) decision method, in which patients are sorted and prioritized on the basis of the urgency of treatment and the quantity of resources that treatment is expected to require. In recent years, many significant improvements to the Emergency Severity Index (ESI) have been proposed e.g. Utility Theory Based Patient Sorting, Multi- Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) and the Dynamic Grouping and Prioritization (DGP). ED in hospitals around the world try to refer to a general classification method resembling the Emergency Severity Index (ESI), in the order in which patients are received and treated is determined by the degree of urgency and severity of their respective medical problems and not necessarily by order of arrival. Patients who necessitate urgent treatment are prioritized over patients with less severe symptoms. After initial examination and emergency treatment if needed, patients are either transferred to one of the areas within the ED, hospitalized in a department of the hospital, transferred to another hospital for various reasons, or discharged. (