Ah... paranoia... I guess you have already tried this... but it doesn't hurt to post it anyway.

https://www.reddit.com/r/Electrum/comments/8j52be/guide_how_to_use_electrum_with_your_ledger_nano_s/

This is the bug report that leads there:

https://redmine.tails.boum.org/code/issues/15353

to https://www.reddit.com/r/ledgerwallet/comments/7kwi5i/howto_ledger_nano_s_with_electrum_wallet_279_on/
to https://www.reddit.com/r/Electrum/comments/8j52be/guide_how_to_use_electrum_with_your_ledger_nano_s/

Or is it possible to run a virtual machine with a non-problematic windows/linux OS?

Edit: double check that you have an up to date version of Electrum, apparently an old version ships with Tails.