Direct Speech (Kalimat Langsung) dan Reported Speech (Kalimat Tidak Langsung)

Pada kesempatan ini, saya akan menjelaskan mengenai Direct Speech dan Reported Speech.

Direct Speech adalah kalimat langsung dari pembicara yang dituliskan dengan tanda kutip dan kalimatnya dimulai dengan huruf besar.
Contoh:

• Faisal said,"Close the door, please"
• My Aunt said, "I go to Langsa tonight"
• Eni said, "Do you know what I mean"

Reported Speech adalah kalimat tidak langsung atau kalimat yang diulang kembali pembicaraan atau pendapat orang lain. Untuk kalimat reported speech sudah mengalami perubahan sehingga tidak sama persis dengan kalimat yang diucapkan pembicara.

Ada tiga jenis reported speech yaitu

1 Declarative/ Statement (Pernyataan)

Dalam mengubah kalimat direct speech (kalimat langsung) ke dalam reported speech (Kalimat tidak langsung), kita harus memperhatikan beberapa perubahan seperti dibawah ini:

a. Pronoun dan Possessive Adjective

Lihat perubahan pronoun (kata ganti) pada tabel:

No	Direct Speech	Reported Speech
1	I	He/ She
2	You	Me, She, He, them, I, Him, her
3	My	His, Her
4	Our	Their
5	Your	My, His, Her

b. Keterangan Waktu dan Tempat

Lihat perubahan keterangan waktu dan tempat pada tabel dibawah ini:

No	Direct Speech	Reported Speech
1	Now	Then
2	Today	That day
3	Tomorrow	The day after, the following day, the next day, a day after
4	Next	The ... after, the following
5	... ago	... before, .... earlier
6	Last	The ... before, the previous ... , the preceeding
7	Yesterday	The day before, the previous day, the preceeding day.
8	Here	There
9	This	That
10.	These	That

c. Tenses mundur selangkah

Lihat perubahan tense pada tabel dibawah ini:

No	Direct Speech	Reported Speech
1	Verb 1	Verb 2
2	Verb 2	Had + Verb 3
3	Is/ am	Was
4	Are	Were
5	Have, Has	Had
6	Do/ Does	Did
7	Can	Could
8	May	Must
9	Will	Would
10.	Must	Had to
11	Shall	Should

Contoh:

• Razack : "I will go to Jakarta" (Direct Speech)
• Razack said that he would go to Jakarta (Reported Speech)
• Iqbal : "I am sick" (Direct Speech)
• Iqbal said that he was sick (Reported Speech)

2. Imperative / Command (Kalimat perintah)

Kita pasti sering mendengar kalimat perintah dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Contohnya please come in. Untuk reported speech (kalimat tidak langsung) dari kalimat perintah tidak mengalami perubahan di kata kerjanya. Bedanya kata kerja yang digunakan di reported speech memakai to infinitive.

Contoh:

• Abduh said, "please go out" (Direct Speech)
• Abduh asked me to go out (Reported Speech)
• Mrs. Uda said, "Be silent" (Direct Speech)
• Mrs. Uda asked students to be quiet. (Reported Speech)

3. Interrogative (Pertanyaan)

Contoh:

• Munim asked her, "Are you happy with your result" (Direct Speech)
• Munim asked her whether she was happy with her result (Reported Speech)
• Nasir asked Amir, "Where are you now?" (Direct Speech)
• Nasir asked Amir where he were then?" (Reported Speech)

Referensi

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