S19-Wk2: Electronic component measurement and measuring instruments.

In our previous lesson, we identified some basic electronic components, discussed their functions and their circuit symbols. Today we are taking a step forward. In this week's workshop task, I will show you some facts about analog multimeters and how they are used to test and measure some of the components we identified in the previous workshop exercises.

The Analog Multimeter

Type	Analog
Brand	Sunwái
Model	YX-360TR

This analog multimeter has fuse and diode protection, powered by two AA battery, has 3 input sources and the output is displayed in an analog format with a needle over a graduated scale.

Workshop 1

Component Testing

[ 1 ] Fuse

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Component	Fuse
Test Function	Continuity
Rating	250V 13A
Range	No range
Probe Setting	Com and Positive
Orientation	None Polarized

Procedure

Step 1
Set meter function to continuity as indicated in this picture

Step 2
Connect the test probes to the metal ends on both sides of the fuse

Observation
The continuity indicator LED is on, the buzzer is blazing and the needle has made a full swing.

Test Conclusion
Fuse is in good working condition

[ 2 ] Resistor

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Component's Name	Resistor
Test Function	ohmmeter
Rating	1000Ω
Range	x1k
Probe Setting	Com and Positive
Orientation	None Polarized

Procedure

Step 1
Set meter function to ohmmeter and range to x1k as indicated in this picture

Step 2
Use the test probes to touch the metal on both sides of the resistor, and avoid touching the resistor during reading.

Observation
The display needle has moved close to number 1 on the scale, it was expected to stop at 1 which could make it 1kΩ hopefully the tolerance should cover for the shortage.

Test Conclusion
The resistor should have been 1000Ω, but now it is a little less. The resistor is good.

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[ 3 ] Variable Resistor

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Component	Variable Resistor
Test Function	ohmmeter
Rating	0-10kΩ
Range	10kΩ
Probe Setting	Com and Positive
Orientation	None Polarized

Procedure

Step 1
Set meter function to ohmmeter and the range to x10k is indicated in this picture

Step 2
Connect one of the test probes to the metal at the center and the other probe to another hole. You can switch places during the test.

Observation
At its highest point the value of this resistor is 20k and at its lowest point it's resistance is 10k

Test Conclusion
The test result indicates that this variable resistor is not fit for work.

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[ 4 ] Alternating current Voltage

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Component	ACV
Test Function	ACV
Rating	240 V AC
Range	250 AC V
Probe Setting	Com and Positive
Orientation	No Polarity

Procedure

Step 1
Set meter function to AC V and the range to 250 as indicated in this picture, be very careful because it is high voltage.

Step 2
Connect the test probes in to the outlet holes, it will not matter which of the two holes because it has no polarity.

Observation
The meter is detecting 170 volts of alternating current

Test Conclusion
The supplied voltage is low some appliances will need a stabilizer to step it up.

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[ 5 ] Direct Current Voltage

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Component	DC V
Test Function	DC V
Rating	3.8 V
Range	10
Probe Setting	Com and Positive
Orientation	Polarized

Procedure

Step 1
Set meter function to DCV and the range to 10 as indicated in this picture

Step 2
I am testing a phone battery. The red test probes must be connected to the terminal of the battery marked with a + sign and the black connects to the battery terminal marked -

Observation

This battery is outputting 2.5v of direct current, the display needle was expected somewhere close to 4

Test Conclusion
This battery is not in good shape or may have been drained.

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[ 6 ] Capacitor

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Component	Capacitor
Test Function	ohmmeter
Rating	400v 82uf
Range	x10k
Probe Setting	Com and Positive
Orientation	Polarized

Procedure

Step 1
Set meter function to ohmmeter with it's rage at x10k as indicated in this picture below

Step 2
Connect the positive test probe to the positive terminal of the electrolytic capacitor and the negative probe to the other terminal.

Observation

The capacitor caused the display needle to move towards zero then came back to where it started.

Test Conclusion
This is not the best way to test a capacitor but can tell if it is not totally bad. This one is useable.

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[ 7 ] Light Emitting Diode

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Component	LED
Test Function	Continuity
Rating
Range	No range
Probe Setting	Com and Positive
Orientation	Polarized

Procedure

Step 1
Set meter function to continuity as indicated in this picture below

Step 2
Connect the test probes to the metal connectors on the LED, the LED is a Polarized component so the positive test probe must be connected to the correct side to get result. So if you get no results, switch sides by reversing the probes.

Observation

When the test probes are reversed, the LED turns off

Test Conclusion
This LED is in good condition.

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[ 8 ] Coil

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Component	Coil
Test Function	continuity
Rating	-
Range	no range
Probe Setting	Com and Positive
Orientation	None polarized

Procedure

Step 1
Set meter function to continuity as indicated in this picture

Step 2
Connect the test probes to the metal ends on both sides of the coil

Observation

The coil is a couple with two wires and 4 terminals, each wire has a good continuity

Test Conclusion
The test is only able to tell that the coil has continuity

Workshop 2:

Tools for workshop exercises:
Thess are some of the tools that will be used in our workshop exercises.

Desoldering Pump

We will use this with a soldering iron when desoldering components from a printed circuit. It sucks out the melted lead from the mounting holes, making it easy to remove the component.

Veroboards

We will use the veroboard to try some prototype circuits. It can also be used for the final product.

Project Board

The project board will be used when making a quick prototype circuit that will not need lead and soldering. It is very good for new students.

Pliers

The pliers will be used to hold items, loosen some bolts, and twist cables.

Screwdriver set

We will use screwdrivers to open into electronics devices to work inside them.

Insulating tape

Cable endings will need to be insulated using this PVC tape to avoid shock and bridging.

Conclusion:

It has been interesting to learn more and practice with a multimeter as a test instrument. I am thankful to all instructors in the Electronics Academy for giving me this learning opportunity, which I plan to take full advantage of.

Invitation and contest link

I am inviting @bossj23 and @eliany and @simonnwigwe
Here is the link to the assignment
https://steemit.com/hive-188837/@ubongudofot/s19-wk2-electronic-component-measurement-and-measuring-instruments