According to physics, the amount of energy on Earth will always be the same. That is, there is no creation or destruction of energy, only its form in return. But if energy cannot be destroyed, then why do we think of saving it?

Let's give a simple example. Fossil fuels needed to drive. This fuel is first converted into chemical energy, then into mechanical energy and as a result the car continues to run. There was a transformation of energy, but fuel was consumed.So again, if we want to get that fuel, we have to go into the interior of the earth, where fossil fuels are made under millions of years of high pressure. The fact is, the faster we can consume or convert energy, the faster we can get energy back to its former state. We do not have that ability. So far we have not had to think about renewing the power of our ancestors, but we have to think and we have to think about our future generations.For this, various ideas including energy saving and saving, renewable energy are emerging. But today we will talk about a thought that is the dream of astronomers.

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★What is Dyson Sphere?

In simple terms, a Dyson sphere is a structure that allows us to extract energy from the sun or a star. Freeman Dyson first introduced this idea. This thought came to his mind after reading the 1937 novel Star Maker. Then in a research paper in 1970, he mentioned this sphere. He spoke of creating a structure around or around the sun that would draw energy from the sun and send it back to earth.

If mankind could ever create something like that, and if only a very small amount of energy from the sun could be extracted, then human civilization would not have to depend on any other energy. The Sun is a fiery furnace that is about 100 quintillion times more powerful than our current most economical nuclear reactor, producing one trillion atomic bombs per second.Not just a little bit, if we want to get all of this energy, we have to create a sphere of Dyson around the sun. But when the question of getting close to the sun does not arise, how can such a big thing be created around it?

★The way Dyson's sphere will be made

The first thought that comes to mind is to build a solid wall around the sun. But this idea will not work. This is because the wall is likely to be damaged by a collision with something from the outside, it is also likely to be damaged by the sun and at some point the whole installation may fall into the sun.Another sustainable way is to place solar panels around the sun, which will orbit the sun constantly. This concept is called Dyson swarm.

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We can get infinite energy through this system, but it will not be an easy task to create something like that. The Sun is 1.3 million times larger than the Earth, so if we first think of satellites, and if each satellite is equal to 1 square kilometer, then we will need 30 quadrilons (30,000,000,000,000,000) satellites to orbit the Sun. If we were to think of building so many satellites, we would need about 100 quintals of material.And then we will need a huge amount of energy to place these satellites around the sun. Not only that, but we also need to build another infrastructure in space to place them. In other words, to create a Dyson sphere, we have to keep in mind the three factors of materials, design and energy.

The first thing we need is materials or raw materials. To collect this huge amount of raw material we may need to break up an entire planet. Mercury is the best candidate among our planets. It is closest to the sun and is rich in a variety of metals. Being so close to the Sun, it would take less time to form a sphere, and since Mercury has no atmosphere and gravity is one-third of Earth's, it would be much easier to send an object into space.Then we have to think about the design of the sphere. Panels are made of materials that are readily available and durable. It will also be convenient to place as light as possible, but not so light that it is likely to break in a collision.

Lastly we need energy to create these and send them into space. This amount of energy is so large that if we use all the fossil fuels and uranium on Earth, we can only send the same mass of Mount Everest into space. The fact is that we need energy from another Dyson sphere to create Dyson spheres.
Let's consider Mercury again, for this we need to create a base or station on Mercury. Since it is difficult for humans to live in Mercury, we need to lean towards automation as much as possible. We will need four main types of technology. These are panels or solar energy collectors, excavation, refining and spacecraft equipment.