REVIEW ABOUT THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND HOW TO ACHIEVE THEM BY THE YEAR 2030

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS(SDGs) are group of 17 global goals set up in 2015 to ensure and achieve a better life and sustainable future for all by 2030.
The 17 SDGs are:
(1) NO POVERTY
(2) ZERO HUNGER
(3) GOOD HEALTH AND WELL BEING
(4) QUALITY EDUCATION
(5) GENDER EQUALITY
(6)CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION
(7) AFFORDABLE AND CLEAN ENERGY
(8) DESCENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH (9) INDUSTRY,INNOVATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE
(10) REDUCING INEQUALITY
(11) SUSTAINABLE AND CITES COMMUNITIES
(12) RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION
(13) CLIMATE ACTION
(14) LIFE BELOW WATER
(15) LIFE ON LAND
(16) PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS
(17) PARTNERSHIP FOR THE GOAL

1. NO POVERTY
   
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   Half of the world’s population are in a severe poverty and still making efforts to overcome their basic needs such as food,shelter, water, education and most importantly health.Poverty is the second most important goal.There are so many causes of poverty which includes :
   1.Increase rate of rising population:The rate at which our populations increases is high which raises the demand for consumption of goods.
   2.less productivity in agriculture: Productivity is the output per man hour,less productivity in agriculture is due to illiteracy,using local or traditional methods for cultivations.And i think this point is the main cause of poverty.
   3.Increasing prices of goods: Products keep on rising across the globe.Even though,some people benefits from it but most people suffer due to that.Many people find it difficult to get their basic needs.
   How to stop poverty
2. Government support:Government has to help in making some basic services free in the health and education sector. I think this will help improve the life conditions of the poor and needy.
   2.People who can farm must have their agricultural inputs like fertilizers, and must be educated on how to use them correctly.
   3.Donating: Donating also helps in reducing poverty,Clothes,Books or even money can be donated to the poor to also get their basic needs.
   All the points mentioned and many more can help stop or reduce poverty.

2.ZERO HUNGER

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Hunger is the state of being week ,feeling pain due to lack of food.There are many people in the world so hungry, starving and some may even die due to that.Zero hunger is the fourteenth most important goal. The following are causes of hunger;

1. Poverty: As mentioned earlier on, poverty is the process where one cannot get their basic needs such as food.Lack of money to buy food or farm inputs to farm can cause a lot of hunger in the world.
   2.conflict:conflicts activities or war can cause food shortage or food insecurity.Foods and water are contaminated through war, people use food as weapon.Most people are attacked and killed through many wars including farmers who could have help in producing foods.
   How to stop hunger:
   1.Fighting over food wastage: People must must throwing or wasting foods that can still be taken by others.
   2.Food assistance: Foods must be shared or donated to the needy to help reduce hunger.
2. Urban farming: people who live in an urban environment should start farming to get their own food source.

3.GOOD HEALTH AND WELL BEIGN

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Good health is one thing every individual needs.It is ranked as the ninth most important goal. This goal can be achieved by increasing support to mental health, education, promoting mental well being, doing good to others, eating healthy foods, creating awareness, practicing safe sex, cooperation, keeping the environment clean, staying happy always, sharing any uneasy feelings with friends and many more.Though it cost to stay healthy but the benefits outweigh the cost.

4.QUALITY EDUCATION

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Quality education is the process where by teaching and learning are both done in an effective way.learners are taught by good teachers, supported by learning equipment by the government or any other institutions.learners can acquire knowledge through best and quality education.It is the sixth most important goal. Quality education is an important goal because it gives us the chance to better our lives.

5.GENDER EQUALITY

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This is when people of all genders are given the opportunities or have equal rights.It is the third most important goal.This goal is proposed to help individuals especially women to participate in decision making.

6.CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION

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Water is life. So therefore it must be available and clean for usage.It is the seventh most important goal.This goal is to ensure clean water and sanitation for all.Drinking clean water helps keep the body fit thereby preventing one from sickness or diseases.All water pollutions such as defecating in water bodies, dumping waste materials in water bodies and adding chemicals to water bodies in the name of fishing must stop.Sanitation is one of the most important goal that will help improve our lives and health.

7.AFFORDABLE AND CLEAN ENERGY

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This goal was proposed to make sure that all individuals get access to dependable, upheld and modern energy.We need sustainable energy services to leave our lives well.It is the fifth most important goal.Without electricity, students cannot learn or even do their assignment in the night, women especially girls will spend their school hours fetching water,People cannot run their businesses effectively. Countries must adopt clean energy and infrastructures,investing in renewable resources such as biomass and solar energies, hydropower and wind energy.

8.DESCENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH

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This goal was added to ensure quality and descent work which helps in reducing poverty and empower the youth especially women.Child labour, child trafficking, modern slavery must stop in other to achieve this goal.It is the eighth most important goal.

1. INDUSTRY,INNOVATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE
   
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   The aim of this goal is to build strong and stated infrastructures.It is ranked as the 12th most important goal.Infrastructures such as roads, bridges, sanitations, electricity and water shortage must build and sustained to improve our well being.Government must upgrade our industries and infrastructures.Innovations will help us to build better goods and services for customers. Creating new jobs, promoting sustainable industries and investing in scientific research are all ways of ensuring sustainable development.

10.REDUCING INEQUALITY

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This is the first most important goal ranked.It was proposed to help reduce inequalities within the country.It can be achieved by investing in education,Expand the earned income tax, end residential segregation.Reducing inequalities can help increase population well-being.

11.SUSTAINABLE CITES AND COMMUNITIES

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This is ranked as the 16th most important sustainable development goal.It was added to make our lives better by creating new cities, human settlements for all and making them safe for our well being.We need to build or create strong, better and modern cities to over come the population of our country as the rate of population increase constantly.

12.RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION

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Responsible consumption and production is the 13th most important sustainable development goal. It can be achieved by reducing pollution,recycling,saving time and eliminating waste. Changing how and what to consume is also a way to achieve goal 12.Producing and consuming of goods will help increase the income of the country.It also increases the quality of life.

13.CLIMATE ACTION

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It is the 11th most important goal, it can be achieved through agriculture policies,conservation,implementing climate friendly land use.This goal can lead to food and water scarcity which can also lead to conflict if not achieved.Climate action as the 13th goal in the sustainable development goals is to merge climate change estimates into national policies, strategies and planning.

14.LIFE BELOW WATER

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This was proposed to protect and maintain the use of oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development. It was ranked as the 17th most important goal.This goal can be achieved by avoiding the use of plastics, reducing marine pollution, reduce ocean acidification, protects our ecosystems, sustainable fishing, support small scale fishers.Maintaining healthy oceans support climate change.Oceans provide natural resources such as foods and medicine.

15.LIFE ON LAND

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Life on land is the 15th most important goal in the sustainable development goals.They brought up this goal to ensure and maintain our forests and transpose land degradation.Forests are the main source of the air we breath, the water we drink and the food we eat.We can achieve this through Afforestation, protect natural habitats, rebuilds terrestrial ecosystem and conservation of mountains.

16.PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS

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It is the 4th most important goal in the sustainable development goals and is to ensure and promote peace and justice.This goal can be achieved by avoiding violence and making peace everywhere, reduce bribery and corruption.

17.PARTNERSHIP FOR THE GOAL

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It is the 10th most important goal among the rest.It talks about we coming together or helping each other to achieve the rest of the 16 sustainable development goals.No one must be left behind, everybody must at least one way or the other help in sustaining and developing the country and the world as a whole.

CONCLUSION
These goals are to be met and they can be achieved if only necessary and effective steps are taken to enforce them by the year 2030.

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