Learn With Steem Contest : The Science Of Biology

Taking a look around the world, it comprises of so many things like, grass, lizard, trees, other people, insects, soil, stone, the rivers, the sky and the sun. Human have always been curious about the things they see and find in the surroundings. They ask themselves about what they see and then try to work out the answers by testing their ideas. This is the basis of all the science. In other words, we can defined Science as the study of the nature and behaviour of natural things and the knowledge that we obtain about them. Then we say that Biology is the science or study of life.

Biology comes from the Greek words "bios" (meaning "life") and "logos" (meaning "study"). A scientist who studies living things is called biologist.
By studying biology we learn more about ourselves and the world we live in.
Life is much easier to recognize than to defined: a tree is alive, a table is not, a lizard is alive, a stone is not, a lichen is alive, a crystal is not. If you look at one stone, you may see colours, streaks and stripes inside; another stone may shows a different pattern. This is simply telling you that the material making up stone are not organized in the same way as living things. But if any part of a lizard is examined it will be found to be made up of tiny unit called cell which are organized into tissues.

Tissues make up of the organ such as the liver, the brain and the heart. Then this several organs work together as what we know as System

Characteristics Of Living Things

All living organisms take in material from their surroundings and give back a different material; the material is changed while it is inside the organism. Many of the changes are linked with the release of energy inside the organism. Example, take a look at a lizard. If you watched a lizard for some time, you will see that it exchanges material with the surroundings. The lizard will eat, breathe and pass out wast.

So living organisms are distinguished from the non-living things by several processes,each Involving transfer of energy, going on inside the organism. A non-living thing may perform one or two but all the seven processes go on inside every living things. When all the seven processes cease the organism dies.

The Seven processes
Here I will be using a simple abbrivation way of memorizing the process which is called MR REIGN.
Mr reign stand for;

• M - movement
• R - respiration
• R - reproduction
• E - excretion
• I - irritability
• G - growth
• N - nutrition

Movement
Movement is defined as the ability to move from one particular place to another. Animals can move their body parts and move from place to another (locomotion). While plant can move their body parts but most cannot move around the environment.

Respiration
Respiration is the ability to breathe. Living Things use the oxygen of the air to release energy from food during cellular respiration. The carbon dioxide produce or breathe out as a waste product. Energy enable all the living things to carry out the processes of life.

Reproduction
This is the process whereby living things have the ability to produce new individuals (offspring) which resemble themselves. The process of reproduction enable life to be passed on from one generation to the next.

Excretion
Excretion is the removal of waste product.
All the chemical processes going on in the cell produce wast product and some of these are poisonous. When the poisonous are removed from the organism, the process is excretion.

Irritability
The ability to sense changes in the surroundings (stimuli) enables organism to survive. Non-living things cannot detect changes or respond to them. The changes includes, light, heat, gravity, chemical, mechanical contact and sound are some of the stimuli to which organism respond.

Growth
Growth is an increase in size. The amount of material in an organism increases as it uses chemical in food to build new tissues. Only living things can grow in this way. In plants, growth occurs by cell division in special tissues, meristem, whereas almost all animal cell can divide and grow.

Nutrition
Nutrition is the ability to survive. Every living things need food to stay alive. All green plants are able to manufacture their own food from carbon dioxide and water vapour. The make use of solar energy trapped by the green pigment chlorophyll in a process know as photosynthesis. This mode of nutrition is called holophytic or autotrophic nutrition. Many Plants
Make more food than they need and they store the excess.

Animals cannot manufacture food from simple gases, they depend on plants for food. Some animals eat plants, e.g goat eat grass; some eat other animals, e.g. human eat goats. This mode of nutritrion is called holozoic or heterotrophic nutritrion

Thank you @fredquantum for organizing this weekly learn with steem contest. In invite @gwillchrist, @oasiskp and @staintkelvin to participate in the contest.