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Types of congenital cataract

In medicine, many types of congenital cataracts are distinguished, which differ in the degree of damage to the lens, the involvement of its various structures in the pathological process, etc. The most common types of pathology in newborns are:

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• Zonular - the most common form of pathology, known for the bilateral nature of the flow. The cloudy spot is usually located closer to the center of the lens, which leads to severe forms of visual impairment and requires urgent treatment.

• Polar - the pathological process affects not only the capsule, but also the lens fibers, turbidity is localized in the region of the posterior or anterior poles. The features of the course of the disease and the extent of distribution vary, which is why the decrease in visual functions varies.

• Nuclear - affects both eyes, this type of pathology is hereditary and is accompanied by severe visual impairment. Cases when vision decreased slightly in the nuclear form of the disease are rare.
  
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• Capsular - we are talking about isolated opacification, which is subjected to one of the capsules of the lens (anterior or posterior). In this case, the severity of visual impairment directly depends on the extent of clouding. Pathology develops under the condition of intrauterine pathological processes of inflammatory genesis or in the case of infectious diseases suffered by the mother during pregnancy.

• Total or complete - a distinctive feature of this type of pathology is the total clouding of the lens of both eyes. The severity of clinical signs directly depends on the degree of clouding of the lens.

• Complicated - characterized by various forms of clouding of the lens, but more importantly, it occurs against the background of other pathologies and complications of the congenital type. Such a cataract is often accompanied by deafness, heart and other defects.
  For newborns, it is important to diagnose cataracts as early as possible, determine how much they affect vision and, if necessary, begin treatment as soon as possible. This approach helps to prevent the development of complications, contributes to the full development of the child.

Cataract diagnostics

The use of modern equipment and advanced diagnostic methods in the Lege Artis eye clinic makes it possible to detect cataracts even in the early stages. We recommend that you contact a specialist at the first symptoms of the disease, contrary to popular belief, you should not wait until the cataract "ripens".

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The eye clinic "Lege Artis" employs ophthalmologists of the highest category with extensive diagnostic experience. To make an accurate diagnosis at the initial consultation, the following studies are carried out:

biomicroscopy of the eye using a slit lamp;
examination of the fundus and determination of intraocular pressure using modern equipment;
determination of visual acuity and fields.
The parameters of the future artificial lens are calculated by the doctors of Lege Artis on the equipment of the expert class IOL Master 700, Carl Zeiss, Germany.