Myopia -

what is it?

Simply - myopia, a common defect of vision, in which a person does not see well what is at a relatively large distance from him.

The main cause of such a defect is the eyeball, which is increased in length. Because of this, the optical system of the eye refracts light rays so that they are focused not on the retina, but in front of it. Accordingly, a near-sighted person at long and medium distances (depending on the degree of myopia) sees objects not clearly, but blurry. It is reffered to as axial.

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Refractive myopia is less common. This defect is caused by the fact that the optical apparatus of the eye refracts light rays too much and, again, they converge into focus in front of the retina, and not on it.

Myopia is sometimes called the most serious disease of the 21st century. According to various estimates, by 2020, from 1.8 to 2.5 billion people already suffer from it. In 2016, and among students this figure was even higher.

Therefore, experts recommend visiting an ophthalmologist at least once a year - a timely detected violation is easier to control, and the chances of slowing down the progression of myopia become higher.

In this article, you will learn about the causes and treatments for myopia.

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The main symptoms of myopia

The main symptom of myopia is blurred vision. This can also be seen from the outside, for example, signs of visual impairment in a child are often noticed. He:

• squints, squints when looking at objects or trying to read;
• brings the book as close to the eyes as possible;

As with any other disease, if you suspect myopia, you should see a doctor as soon as possible. The specialist will conduct the necessary research, determine the severity of the problem and offer the best options for correcting vision and treating myopia.

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Modern medical technologies make it possible to diagnose myopia with the help of auxiliary equipment. Specialists use, for example:

• automatic refractometry - this method allows you to determine the location of the optical focus relative to the retina;

• echobiometry - ultrasound examination of the length of the eyeball;

• optical coherence tomography (OCT) is used to assess the condition of the structures of the fundus and makes it possible to identify complications of myopia.

There are other methods that involve the use of modern high-precision equipment.