Educational post ||Setting-out and thier Methods: by @edidiongeffiong

How are you all doing, i hope you are doing great, cause am doing great as well. Am a student of University of Uyo, studyiing Building Technology, so today i will be sharing with you some knowledge about setting-out a building, and the methods that are being used.

Before any building can be constructed on any site, an Architect must first of all draw a plan of it on a paper before it can then be transfered to the ground as physical element called structure.

SETTING-OUT AND THEIR METHODS

SETTING-OUT: To my own understanding, Setting-out can be define as the transfer of the architect( plan ) work from the paper to the ground, so that it will be easier to locate the point which the structure is to be constructed.

SETTING-OUT TOOLS

• Measuring tape
• Nails
• Lines
• Profile
• Datum pegs

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METHODS FOR SETTING_OUT
1. The 3, 4 and 5 method: These method is also called "Right angle method", it involve the use of two ranging poles, measuring tape and three persons.

Procedures;

• You need to measure a distance of 4m with peg "A" on the baseline and put another peg in the ground at the end of the point.
• Then you put a hook of the tape on the new peg
• Then you measure 3m above it at peg "A" with another tape, then you join 5m measurement with the recently measured 3m, with that they will derived line "D". the same procedure is applicable with peg "B" to obtain line "C".

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2. Builder’s square method: It is a right angled metal which is being range in length from 1.5m - 3.0m

Procedures;

• Place the builder's square on the building line, and make sure the end of right angle should be on peg "A".
• At the end of the point of the square which is not on the building line, you drive the peg in to the ground.
• On the sight across the new peg dig in a third peg on the same line.
• Attach a rope on peg "A" then you drag alone the straight line to get peg "D". The same procedure is applicable to peg "B" to obtain point "C"

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3. Theodolite method:

A theodolite or total station is set up over a control point which has known co-ordinates. The instrument is then pointed at another control point in order to orientate the instrument to north.
If a conventional theodolite is being used it normal to turn the instrument to north and reset the horizontal angle to zero. Saurce

• The ranging rod/pole will be put at both end of the line, and then it will be adjusted slowly until the image is being reflected and coincide with the view of the rod on the building line.

CONCLUSION

I hope this article will help enlightened people on what setting-out is all about. My next post i will be discussing about the steps that are being use when setting-out a building.

Thanks for reading my post❤️
God Bless.