Basic Knowledge in Agriculture"

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Greetings friends of Steemit and Steem-Agro

In your own words, what is photosynthesis, and what importance is it in agriculture?

Photosynthesis is a process by which plant or any other green organism is converting the light energy into the chemical energy and this takes place in two steps.

One is a light dependent process another one is a light independent process. A light dependent process takes place on the Thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast and it has four important steps, number one is your light absorption, second is your electron transport chain then is a ATP synthesis and then you have the photolysis.

If you look into the light independent process which is also known as a Kelvin cycle. This takes place in the stroma of the chloroplast and this again involves four important stages number one carbon fixation, number two rubisco enzyme- ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase, third is sugar formation and regeneration of RuBP.

What are the key essential nutrients required by plants, and what role does each of them play in plant growth?

Plants require several essential nutrients for their growth and development while there are more than 16 essential nutrients for plants.

These nutrients can be classified into two categories macronutrients and micronutrients

Macronutrients nitrogen (N) essential for leaf and stem growth as well as chlorophyll production

Phosphorus (P) important for root development fruiting and flowering

Potassium (K) helps with overall plant Health disease resistance and water regulation

Calcium (Ca) essential for overall plant stability and cell wall structure

Magnesium (Mg) necessary for chlorophyll production and various enzyme activities

Sulfur (S) important for protein synthesis and overall plant development

Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H) and Oxygen (O) obtained from air and water through photosynthesis

Micronutrients Iron (Fe) essential for chlorophyll synthesis and enzyme activation

Manganese (Mn) involved in nitrogen metabolism enzyme activation and photosynthesis

Zinc (Zn) required for enzyme activation and growth hormone regulation

Copper (Cu) involved in photosynthesis, protein metabolism and enzyme function

Boron (B) is important for the cell wall formation pollination and carbohydrate metabolism

Molybdenum (Mo) necessary for enzyme activity and nitrogen fixation

Nickel (Ni) essential for urease activity and nitrogen metabolism in leguminous Plants

Chlorine (Cl) involved in photosynthesis, ionic balance and osmosis

Cobalt (Co) required for nitrogen fixation in leguminous plants

Plants require these essential nutrients in varying amounts and a deficiency or imbalance of any of these nutrients can adversely affect their growth and development.

Briefly explain this terminologies; ¹"mixed farming" and ²"crop rotation."

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Intercropping and mixed cropping are also some of the most important features of organic farming. Generally leguminous crops are intercropped with monocot crops sorghum, red gram, sugar cane, soya bean, maize, red gram, banana etc are the popular combinations

Planning these combinations depends on crop duration growth, nature, height, spreading of fruits etc

Dicot crops improved the soil fertility apart from crop yield this improves the growth and yield of monocot crops. Mono cropping leads to deficiency of micronutrients.

Multiple cropping systems are helpful even for weed pests and are helpful even for weed pest and disease management.

Likewise crop rotation is useful in organic farming.

Adi crop in Karif season and ground black gram green gram cowpea etc in rugby season is a popular practice in traditional paddy. A leguminous crop in the crop cycle improves the soil fertility and the next monocot crop gets the benefit. Crop rotation helps to break pest and disease build-up also deep-rooted crops in the crop cycle bring nutrients from deeper layers to the top soil.

Explain three (3) roles of agriculture in your country.

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1)Backbone of Indian Economy:

Agriculture is the backbone of India's economy, employing over 50% of the workforce and contributing significantly to the GDP.

2)Food Security:

Agriculture ensures food security for India's vast population by producing a variety of crops to meet the dietary needs of its people.

3)Rural Livelihoods:

It provides livelihoods to millions of people in rural areas, acting as a primary source of income and sustenance for farmers and their families.

Before I conclude I would like to invite three fellow Steemians to participate in the contest
@crismenia
@eveetim
@georgitsachev

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