"SEC | S20W2: How to cultivate a paddy"

Rice is the main crop of Bangladesh and this phosphorus plays a supporting role in the economy. I am directly involved in paddy cultivation. I am also trying to increase rice production using primitive methods and current technology. My family is directly involved in agriculture which taught me love for agriculture. Today I will present my personal experience from the beginning to the end to make a report on its rice cultivation in the engagement challenge.

What is the method of paddy seedbed preparation and what are the steps taken in preparing the soil for paddy cultivation.

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^{Soil preparation and sowing of rice seeds}

Good seeds or seedlings are essential for every crop. The healthier and better the seeds or seedlings are, the better the yield and disease control in the crops, the more importance the farmer has to give to the preparation of the seed bed. It is best to select a land that is level and has water irrigation and drainage system for making paddy seed soil. The seed bed should be selected in a place where the heat of the sun remains throughout the day (do not create the seed bed in the shade of trees). Before making the seed beds, organic fertilizers should be applied and cultivated well. If the paddy seeds are germinated at home before sowing, the seeds germinate faster and 99% of the seeds become seedlings. Care should be taken in spreading the seeds so that the rice seeds are not too dense which will affect the growth and health of the seedling.

What is the importance of planting rice seeds at the right time?

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^{Lifting and planting seedlings from seed beds}

Every thing has its proper time and season and at that proper time the seed is better and adapts better to the weather. Planting seeds at the right time ensures the growth of rice because temperature, moisture at the right time, everything has the right effect. To increase the disease resistance of rice, it is better to plant the seeds at the right time.

Planting rice at the right time (season) ensures maximization. Planting rice seeds at the right time gives enough time for the crop to mature. which can result in immature seeds in late plantings and insect infestations. So planting rice seeds at the right time and km. It is guaranteed to bring home more crops than the cost.

How to apply regular irrigation and fertilizer after sowing rice seeds?

After planting rice seeds, take good care of this seedling. Regular irrigation and fertilizer management are essential for growing healthy and high-yielding rice crops.

Irrigation Management
Irrigation management is essential after paddy planting. It is better to retain water at a height of 2"-4" after planting rice seedlings to reduce weed growth and ensure seedling growth. Also, by retaining water in the soil, the fodder prey is not attacked by any insects. Irrigation should be done in paddy field till 2 weeks before harvesting. If there is accumulation of water during rainy season or due to natural reasons, arranging for drainage.

Fertilizer Management
We apply fertilizers and plant rice seedlings before sowing and tilling the land. Amount of fertilizer we apply per acre (100 cents) of land before planting.
Primary Fertilizer Application

Fertilizer name	amount
MoP	50 kg
Phosphate	50 kg
Nitrogen	15kg (Nitrogen is added later)
Gypsum	30 kg
Zinc	3kg
Boron 36%	3 kg
Magnesium	12 kg

After planting the rice seedlings, more nitrogen is applied in the second and third stages for the growth of the seedlings.

What are the major pests and diseases of rice crops and how can they be controlled?

^{Disease Attack and Immune System}

After sowing of rice seed, only fertilization is not the best crop to grow. Something I am going to share is regular in rice farming in Bangladesh.
Majra borer It attacks rice plants after the first application of urea fertilizer after transplanting of rice seedlings and destroys the new seedlings. This can be prevented by sprinkling granular insecticides or spraying liquid insecticides after application of urea which protects against infestation for 25 to 30 days.

Anthracnose When the age of rice is 40 to 45 days, due to more seedlings and less light and air penetration, this disease is called anthracnose, which slowly rises from the root. Insecticide spraying is required to prevent this disease. In order to reduce the attack of this disease, rice seedlings should be planted well apart so that there is normal air movement to the root of the plant.
Neckblast : Neck blast damages rice husks and reduces yield.

Rice brown planthopper: Currently a dreaded pest that has the ability to destroy up to 100% of crops. This insect is so dangerous that in a short time it can spread widely and wither entire trees by sucking the sap. To avoid the infestation of this insect, making beds in the paddy fields and spraying the plants at the base of the plants. For this, keep the base of the tree bare so that light and air can enter.

What is the next step after harvesting the paddy and what steps should be taken to preserve the paddy?

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^{Rice threshing and storage}

All the activities in the paddy field are completed with the harvesting of paddy and the farmer smiles with relief. We use both modern methods and ancient methods to harvest paddy. After harvesting paddy is separated by power thresher and the straw is dried and stored for livestock.
To preserve rice, first dry it in the sun (12%-14% moisture) and the rice is stored for a long time. Before storage, other impurities are removed from the paddy with the help of a fan, along with the immature paddy. Paddy dried at 12%-14% moisture can be stored for long periods by bagging or stacking in warehouses.

I invite you @solaymann @irawandedy @josepha @wilmer1988 to participate in this How to cultivate a paddy engagement challenge.

All the pictures mentioned above are taken by me during farming

Thanks for reading my post
Good luck to you.
I wish you well