Hello steemians thanks for stoping to read this article of ICO by the professor @imagen, i will do my best explaining the meaning.

What Is ICO.

Source
ICO is a shortened form to say "Initial Coin offering" within the crypto environment. Initial coin offering comes after the improvement of a modern token with the journey to raise funds for such venture so as to be able to carry out legitimate accounts of the venture till completion on the blockchain. In other words, able to term it as a pledge drive phase of a token improvement on the blockchain.
Initial coin offering (ICO) regularly come within the frame of what is known as presale whereby speculators can purchase certain sum of the token with other fiat currencies or cryptocurrencies with the point of supporting the venture conjointly earn obvious benefits within the closest future as a great project's token at presale are continuously sold at lower cost and with a tall likelihood of numerous rate returns when the coin is inevitably recorded on trades.

The Differences between ICO (initial Coin Offering) and IEO (Initial Exchange Offering)

Having talked around ICO, it is critical to talk briefly around IEO(Initial Trade Advertising). Initial Exchange Offering is the operation of token offering which varies from ICO and this can be carried out by trades when they are searching for a way to stabilize their saveings for a specific token or or maybe bolster their saveings for such token frequently before launch. Clients can purchase such token at the beginning trade offering just as they purchase other cryptos and they can begin exchanging it at the conclusion of the Initial Exchange offering. A normal illustration of such is the Binance Launchpool, where the trade permits clients to farm a token some time recently it is been listed on the trade and it comes within the shape of staking certain resources and gain the token based on the sum of resources staked. I will provide the differences between ICO and IEO in a unthinkable shape underneath.

ICO (Initial Coin Offering)	IEO (Initial Exchange Offering)
Token advertising is straightforwardly by the coin Issuer.	Token is advertised by an trade that act as an mediator between an speculator and the backer of such token.
Token is promoted by an exchange that act as an arbiter between an speculator and the sponsor of such token.	The resource is bolted over a period of time, ordinarily 30 days.

The recorded over are a number of contrasts between ICO and IEO.

Advantages of ICOs (Initial coin offering)

1).An advantage on the portion of the project's group is that, it helps them to raise support required to fund the venture in this manner improve the improvement of their venture on the blockchain.
2).Tokens are bought with an momentary impact utilizing other fiat monetary standards or cryptocurrencies for the purchase.

Disadvantages of ICOs (Initial coin offering

1).ICOs doesn't fundamentally take after any set down rules or convention and this may be a chance of investment in the event that the speculator comes up short to carry out appropriate investigate on the project.
2).ICOs are subceptible to hacks, which suggests financial specialists can effortlessly lose their resources as a result of hack.

What is IOTA ICO
The IOTA venture is one of a kind that I found exceptionally curiously and the ICO finished on the 19th day of December 2015 accepting a add up to of $590,000 USD at the conclusion of the presale. Agreeing to the group, they have outlined this trading arrange to ease and encourage fortify the relationship between human and machines in this manner improving the trade of esteem and information. The venture point is to too kill the expense joined to exchanges and to offer less fee exchanges on the network, moreover it's a network built on the "Web of Things".

Features of IOTA
1).Less fee transaction.

1. low funds can't stop you because users can do what they want with low funds

Conclusion

I think this is the way forward that is why i will keep researching about it any way thanks for reading and ones again thank you @imagen for a great lecture