Peace be upon you and God's mercy and blessings be upon you.

First of all thank you very much Professor @Sapwood, great explanation and easy to understand. Today I am going to complete task 4 and hopefully I will try to explain very easily and in clear words.

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Homework task 1

What is the difference between POW and POS and what are their advantages and disadvantages? Examples?

♦1. What is the difference between PoW and PoS?

Explaining the differences should make it clear that it is Proof of Work (POW) and Proof of Proof (POS) and we should also know that it is a consensus protocol.

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• Consensus protocol:
This is the method that manages the relationship between the nodes and also supports the blockchain without any third-party free or central actors.

• Proof of work (PoW):

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This is a consensual protocol and in addition here miners make available on their computers which are used to solve an encryption puzzle. The more likely you are to solve a puzzle, the more likely you are to solve the first block in the mining chain and win the new mining coin.When we talk about proof of work, the one with the most computing ability is more likely, that is, more mining machines work to support this network.

• Proof of Stake (PoS):

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There is a consensus protocol where the money used to participate is taken into account. For example, let's talk about the amount of money that someone has predicted to be invested in the situation here.Investing here but investing in such currency is more likely to participate and the blog is more likely to win Of course to make a huge profit that is generated when a new block is secured

• Differences between PoW & PoS

Pow	PoS
Proof of work is at a very good level of safety because the network consists of thousands of workers and the more people who work, the more secure the network is.	The security of the network is better and the users in this network are protected from some busy attacks. About 51% of the attacks.
The amount of computing power determines the rewards at POW that each miner has, so the more computing power there is, the more rewards can be earned.	The network, on the other hand, allows better distribution of prizes among its members
The system uses a lot of electrical energy. And besides, this is due to the computational work required by the POW, and as the difficulties in mining increase, so will the use of more energy.	It is an environmentally friendly protocol, powerful computing machines are not used and POS energy consumption is low.
Scalability can be affected by the difficulty of mining, as this is an issue we are seeing today and that is why conversion commissions are so expensive.	There is more measurement. This is one of the important features and the reason is that there is no need for more computer work at any time.

♦Advantages and disadvantages of PoW & PoS

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Advice algorithms have their own advantages and disadvantages. For example, we have PoW which has proven to work safely and efficiently. It harms the environment due to high energy consumption.

The form of transaction authentication is a big difference, however, as PW requires thousands of dollars to be invested in hardware as well as time spent on software optimization as well as the time that teams have to work. They should also invest and make a profit. POS, on the other hand, does not require this investment. No computer equipment is required to run this grant algorithm.

The algorithm in which PoW is executed is like a contest where the stronger one wins, and this is not the case with PoS. Proof of work is in favor of miners who invest more time and money. This is different in POS protocol. And the returns are proportional to the amount invested and are linear returns.

Which is better for scaling capacity?

POS also has high scalability capability, while the consensus algorithm eliminates the hassle of using computing power and electric power. If he verifies the transaction, he will lose all his participation and the possibility to verify in the future. And on the other hand, it is difficult for the consumer to buy more and more cryptocurrency to get maximum participation, because as the consumer buys cryptocurrency, it will become more and more expensive. In general, POS is a better solution to scalability issues, as here we will have a more secure blockchain that reduces power consumption and reduces the time to verify the transaction.

♦Examples

10 cryptocurrencies currently using PoW:

1• Litecoin Cash (LCC)
2• Carboncoin (CARBON)
3• Hush (HUSH)
4• ZClassic (ZCL)
5• Omni (OMNI)
6• Bitcoin SV (BSV)
7• HUSD (HUSD)
8• DigiByte (DGB)
9• Conflux Network (CFX)
10• Hellenic Coin (HNC)

10 cryptocurrencies currently using PoS:

1• Algorand (ALGO)
2• Tezos (XTZ)
3• Mina (MINA)
4• Validity (VAL)
5• Bitcoin Plus (XBC)
6• Alias (ALIAS)
7• Rubycoin (RBY)
8• Vega Protocol (VEGA)
9• Particl (PART)
10• Oxen (OXEN)

♦Conclusión

Algorithms and their operations are important for gaining consensus on blockchain. According to many, the biggest idea in bitcoin was the use of POW. Consumers can be given the ability to agree on a set of facts.

Current consensus algorithms not only support digital money systems but also blockchain algorithms. Allows developers to run programming code on distributed networks and is currently one of the key technologies implemented in blockchain and an integral part of network life.

Special thanks for all seniors members and my all respected teachers

Regards

naveed15125