Hey everyone. This is @aniqamashkoor I hope so you all will be doing well and will be learning alot from this cryptoacademy season 2 lectures.

Thank you so much professor @yousafharoonkhan, for preparing and presenting with an easy and informative lecture. It helped me alot and I got all the concepts about centraization and decentralization. This is my home work post for your lecture.

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Question1 : Write the definition of Decentralization and Centralization in your own words. Explain these two systems in your own words.

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CENTRALIZATION & A CENTRALIZED SYSTEM:

Centralization is a process that refers that the entire responsibility is in the hand of higher management, now in higher management, it can be a person or a group of different individuals. The concept I got from this term is that all the important and big decisions are made by the members of top faculty and the remaining company is acting according to their instructions.

Now, what is a centralized system? With respect to the definition mentioned above, a centralized system is a system in which all the sub-nodes of an organization do not have decision-making power and are highly looking over the decisions made by the management. In this system, the management is the center of all the power to make or break the rules.

DECENTRALIZATION & A DECENTRALIZED SYSTEM:

Decentralization is the opposite of centralization. This means there is no center of power and all the individuals have their own rights of authority and power. Everyone on every level is eligible to make a decision according to their capability. No, inter-dependency is there in decentralization.

A decentralized system is a vice-versa of a centralized system. In this system, every individual has the authority and power to make the decision, and freedom of expression is ensured at every level of a system or blockchain. In this system, there is no role of higher authority and top management and decisions are not enclosed with a single person.

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Question2: Explain in your own words the difference between decentralization and centralization system Or Compare both in your own words.

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As far as I have learned from the lecture of the professor and with my own learning, one major comparison between a centralized and a decentralized system is of power to make decisions.

Centralized Systems	Decentralized Systems
Centralized systems work in a uniform pattern because the power is confined with higher authoriites.	On the other hand, decentralized sysytems dont follow any pattern and all managers at lower level can make changes.
Centralized systems are easy to manage.	Decentralized systems may create hurdels due to difference of opinion.
Communication is easy in this system as the instructions are passed from top to bottom in a hierarcheal manner.	Decentralized systems usally have communication gap.
As in centralized system data is stored at one place so there are more chances t get hack. Less reliabe.	Decentralized system data is stred at multiple places so it ensures more reliablity.

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Question3: Write five Advantages and five Disadvantages of a decentralized and centralized system.

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ADVANTAGES OF A CENTRALIZED SYSTEM:

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• SOPHISTICATED SYSTEM:
  A centralized system is a sophisticated system. It is a simple system without any conflict.
• NO REPETITION OF COMMANDS:
  There is no repetition of commands and decisions. Like higher management takes the decision and others follow it so a company works in a flow without and interruption.
• EASY COMMUNICATION:
  A centralized system ensures easy communication as orders are passed from top to bottom.
• FEWER CHANCES OF WRONG DECISIONS:
  In a centralized system, decision-making is done by skilled people who are experienced that's why they are a part of higher management so decisions are made with wise thought.
• BUDGET FRIENDLY:
  A centralized system is inexpensive and cost-friendly.

DISADVANTAGES OF A CENTRALIZED SYSTEM:

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• DELAY IN DECISIONS:
  A centralized system is not fast because for everything there is a wait like a final command has to come from the top, so often there is a delay in this system.
• NO FREEDOM OF SPEECH:
  The topmost disadvantage of this system is there is no freedom of speech for the employees.
• HIGH WORKLOAD:
  The higher management is always full of load and there is no distribution of responsibilities so it often results in loss because of the overburden, some very important decisions suffer.
• LESS ATTENTION:
  The people working below are worthless, their suggestions are of no worth, in this system and they are considered at the bottom line, gain less attention of the organization.
• QUICK TO FAIL:
  A centralized system is more near to failure because the entire network is depending on the decision of a single person and if it is wrong, the entire organization has to face failure.

ADVANTAGES OF A DECENTRALIZED SYSTEM:

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• FREEDOM OF SPEECH:
  The topmost advantage of this system is employees have worth, they know that their statements, their thoughts matter, and when employee’s decisions are given importance then they try to work harder for the betterment of an organization because their thoughts and ideas are valued here.
• QUICK DECISIONS:
  There is a backup for emergency situations, as all have decision-making power so if there is an emergency situation the person at a lower level can decide immediately on behalf of the organization.
• WORKLOAD IS DIVIDED:
  No work pressure on a single person as the workload is divided and in this system, everyone contributes their effort so no pressure and burden.
• OPEN FOR INNOVATION:
  In a decentralized system, there is always room for innovation, and new strategies are considered.
• FLEXIBILITY:
  A decentralized system ensures more flexibility to its users as the managers working at different levels has the right to amend the policies with new demand.

DISADVANTAGES OF A DECENTRALIZED SYSTEM:

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• CONFLICTS:
  As everyone from top to bottom has the right to make a decision so there may be differences of opinion and may lead to serious conflicts.
• HIGH COST:
  Decentralized systems are costly as compared to centralized, more setup is required to give everyone the same rights and options.
• NO PATTERN:
  In a decentralized system, there is no uniformity of decisions as every department has the right to make or change policy so the company does not move inflow.
• LACK OF COORDINATION:
  Lack of coordination is there because the managers at every level are powerful so they don't bother to discuss things before finalizing.
• MISHANDLING:
  Sometimes the rights are mishandled and managers use their influence for their personal growth rather than the system.

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Question4: Which one is better for Business/trading and why?

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After analyzing both centralized and decentralized systems in-depth, I would say that they both are important and have their own significance. For business If you are an entrepreneur and have just started then we must go with a centralized system because it's better to keep the command line in our hand at the start of business or trading and after expansion when our business has so many other responsibilities and branches so we may introduce it to decentralized mechanisms.

However decentralized systems are much better and more near to success because they give chance to every user to experience and have more opportunities to improve their work and I would also prefer to be a part of a decentralized system.

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Question5: How do you know if a blockchain is decentralized or not? You can describe any method?

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To check whether a blockchain is centralized or decentralized I will perform the technique I have learned from the professor's lecture.

At first, open the browser and search for etherscan

Click the first option:

This type of interface will appear

Then paste the token of the blockchain you want to check. I am checking eDogecoin
0x44cba3a62a15ac8f66ff75bf7abd058dcca7d7ed

Then go to the contract option and look into it

Now we will check the source code of the contract for the term "FUNCTION DESTRUCT"
if it is present in the source code that means the token is centraized or if it is not that results in the token being decentralized.

I searched for this in my source code both ways by searching there and by copying the code in word dcument and this term was not present. Beside this I searched for "administration" and "self destruct"too but no matches were found.

So, it was quite easy to check with the help of this method and hence eDogecoin (EDOGE) token is decentralized because no such words were found in the source code.

CONCLUSION:

With all the study and reserch I concluded that both centralized and decentralized systems have their importance, a centralized system is any where the incharge is a single person or higher authorities and a decision making power lies with them, whereas in decentralized systems the right to make a decision is distributed within the users equally, I have discussed merits and demerits of both systems as per my knowledge.

from @aniqamashkoor

Respected professor; @yousafharoonkhan

Special mentions;
@steemcurator01
@steemcurator02