Origin and Evolution of the Universe: The Big Bang Theory
In the scientific world, it is generally accepted that the universe came about as a result of the Big Bang. This theory is based on the fact that energy and matter (the foundations of all things) were previously in a state of singularity. It, in turn, is characterized by infinity of temperature, density and pressure.
The singularity state in itself rejects all the laws of physics known to the modern world. Scientists believe that the Universe arose from a microscopic particle, which, due to unknown reasons, came in the distant past into an unstable state and exploded.
The term "Big Bang" has been used since 1949 after the publication of the works of the scientist F. Hoyle in popular science publications. Today, the theory of the "dynamic evolving model" is developed so well that physicists can describe the processes occurring in the Universe as early as 10 seconds after the explosion of a microscopic particle, which laid the foundation for everything.
There are several proofs of the theory. One of the main ones is the relic radiation, which permeates the entire Universe. It could arise, according to modern scientists, only as a result of the Big Bang, thanks to the interaction of microscopic particles. It is the relict radiation that makes it possible to learn about those times when the Universe was like a blazing space, and there were no stars, planets and the galaxy itself.
The second evidence of the birth of all things from the Big Bang is the cosmological redshift, which consists in a decrease in the frequency of radiation. This confirms the removal of stars, galaxies from the Milky Way in particular and from each other in general. That is, it indicates that the Universe has expanded earlier and continues to do so to this day.
The Big Bang theory has become a real breakthrough in science. It allowed scientists to answer many questions about the birth of the universe. But at the same time, this theory gave rise to new mysteries. The main one is the cause of the Big Bang itself. The second question that modern science has no answer to is how space and time appeared.
According to some researchers, they were born together with matter, energy. That is, they are the result of the Big Bang. But then it turns out that time, space must have some beginning. That is, a certain entity that constantly exists and does not depend on their indicators could well initiate processes of instability in a microscopic particle that gave birth to the Universe.
The more research is done in this direction, the more questions astrophysicists have. The answers to them await humanity in the future.