[JAVA #17] [Web Automation #17] Selenium With TestNG #6 Soft Assert [CN]

june0620 (73)in SCT.암호화폐.Crypto • 4 years ago

image source: pixabay

上次简单介绍过 TestNG 的 Asserting。但它有一个缺点，看下列例子。

    @Test(description = "获取文章列表")
    public void CASE_02_GetPosts() {
        List<WebElement> list = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//div[@id='posts_list']/ul/li"));
        assertTrue(!list.isEmpty(), "确认是否显示列表");
        for (WebElement post : list) {
            String title = post.findElement(By.xpath("descendant::h2/a")).getText();
            assertNotNull(title,"验证标题 >> " + title);
            String author = post.findElement(By.xpath("descendant::span[@class='user__name']")).getText();
            assertNotNull(author, "验证作者名 >> " + author);
            System.out.println(author + "的文章: " + title);
        }
    }

👆 分析如下

获取文章列表并验证list不为空
循环验证每个帖子的标题是否显示
验证作者名是否显示
如果这三个验证点都正常的话没有问题，但是因某些原由在第二个验证点出现失败则抛出 Exception 并且停止该 @Test执行下一句用例。也就是说第三个验证点被忽略了。 👇

这点在QA自动化很致命。幸好业界有研究相关问题，有很多解决方法，其中我介绍下 TestNG 的 Soft Assert。Soft Assert用于多个验证点的时候即使有抛出 Exception 也会把它catch到并且留日志。把上述例子中的 Asserting 都改成 Soft Asserting试试吧。

    @Test(description = "获取文章列表")
    public void CASE_02_GetPosts() {
        SoftAssert sa = new SoftAssert();
        List<WebElement> list = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//div[@id='posts_list']/ul/li"));
        sa.assertTrue(!list.isEmpty(), "确认是否显示列表");
        for (WebElement post : list) {
            String title = post.findElement(By.xpath("descendant::h2/a")).getText();
            sa.assertNull(title,"验证标题 >> " + title);
            String author = post.findElement(By.xpath("descendant::span[@class='user__name']")).getText();
            sa.assertNotNull(author, "验证作者名 >> " + author);
            System.out.println(author + "的文章: " + title);
        }
    }

看控制台列出了全部用户的信息，说明成功了。 👇

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👇 但是还存在一个问题，把所有的Exception都忽略导致报告显示成绿色，有失败应显示红色。

在呼叫函数的结尾部分加上 assertAll() 函数可以解决问题。搞定。👇

这两个 Asserting 如果用的恰到好处可以提升不少效率。
如上述例子中的第一个验证点用 Hard Assert 验证，第二，第三验证点用 Soft Assert 验证即可。

package com.steem.webatuo;

import static org.testng.Assert.assertEquals;
import static org.testng.Assert.assertNotNull;
import static org.testng.Assert.assertTrue;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
import org.testng.asserts.SoftAssert;

import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.WebDriverManager;

public class Steemit {
    WebDriver driver;
    String baseUrl = "https://steemit.com";
    
    @Parameters({"browser"})
    @BeforeClass
    public void SetUp(String browserName) {
        
        if(browserName.equals("chrome")) {
            WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();
            driver = new ChromeDriver();    
        }
        else {
            WebDriverManager.firefoxdriver().setup();
            driver = new FirefoxDriver();
        }
            
        driver.get(baseUrl + "/@june0620/feed");
        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

    @Test(timeOut = 60000, description = "登录")
    public void CASE_01_Login() throws InterruptedException {
        // Click the login button
        driver.findElement(By.linkText("login")).click();
        // type id
        driver.findElement(By.name("username")).sendKeys("june0620");
        // type pw and submit
        WebElement pw = driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
        assertNotNull(pw, "验证密码标签是否显示");
        pw.sendKeys(Password.getPw());
        pw.submit();
        Thread.sleep(5000);
    }
    @Test(description = "获取帖子列表")
    public void CASE_02_GetPosts() {
        SoftAssert sa = new SoftAssert();
        List<WebElement> list = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//div[@id='posts_list']/ul/li"));
        assertTrue(!list.isEmpty(), "验证文章列表不为空");
        for (WebElement post : list) {
            String title = post.findElement(By.xpath("descendant::h2/a")).getText();
            sa.assertNotNull(title,"验证标题타이틀 확인 >> " + title);
            String author = post.findElement(By.xpath("descendant::span[@class='user__name']")).getText();
            sa.assertNotNull(author, "验证作者名 >> " + author);
            System.out.println(author + "的文章: " + title);
        }
        sa.assertAll();
    }
    @Test(description = "撰写文章")
    public void CASE_03_Write() throws InterruptedException {
        // Click the write Button
        List<WebElement> writeBtns = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//a[@href='/submit.html']"));
        assertEquals(writeBtns.size(), 1, "验证撰写按钮是否显示");
        for (WebElement writeBtn : writeBtns) {
            if (writeBtn.isDisplayed()) {
                writeBtn.click();
                Thread.sleep(2000);
                // type Text and Keys
                WebElement editor = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//textarea[@name='body']"));
                String keys = Keys.chord(Keys.LEFT_SHIFT, Keys.ENTER);
                editor.sendKeys("hello!! world", keys, "hello!!! STEEMIT", Keys.ENTER, "안녕, 스팀잇", Keys.ENTER, "你好!似提姆");
                break;
            }
        }
        Thread.sleep(5000);
    }
    @Test(description = "搜索用户", dataProvider = "steemians")
    public void CASE_04_Search(String name) {
        driver.get(baseUrl + "/@" + name);
        /*
         * Some actions
         */
    }
    @DataProvider(name = "steemians")
    public Object[][] members() {
        return new Object[][] {
            {"annepink"},
            {"gghite"},
            {"lucky2015"},
            {"honoru"},
            };
    }
    @AfterClass
    public void tearDownClass() {
        driver.quit();
    }
}

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[Cookie 😅]
Seleniun java lib version: 3.141.59
java version: 13.0.1
참고사이트: https://www.softwaretestingmaterial.com/soft-assert/