The first atlas in history: "Theatrum Orbis Terrarum"

Abraham Ortelius, the creator of the first modern atlas, was honored this Sunday with a doodle by Google. With the publication in 1570 of Theatrum Orbis Terrarum (Theatre of the World), Ortelius created something that no one had ever done before; a map book, all of the same size, geographically organized. The first universal atlas had 53 maps representing the world as Europeans know it to date. It contains maps of Europe, Asia and Africa. Australia would not be discovered 30 years later and Antarctica that would be discovered two centuries later by James Cook. Yet Ortelius had imagined the presence of a hypothetical Australian land located in the Antarctica. Ortelius was born in 1527 in the Flemish city of Amber, gathering information that had been discovered by scientists, geographers and cartographers up to that time and made personal notes.

It also added sources and names of creators of original maps, which allowed them to get to know the brightest scientists of his era. Book publishing, funded by banker and trader Gillis Hooftman, is considered as the official start of the golden age of Dutch cartography for the next 100 years. The term atlas appeared for the first time in 1594 when Gerardus Mercator, a colleague and friend of Ortelius, the author of cartographic projection bearing the same name, published the book "Atlas" or cosmographic meditations on the creation of the universe. Despite scientific success the maps reflected the beliefs of the era with the presence of sea monsters in waters and symbolic female characters. A version of the book of 1573 can be seen on the site of the National Library of New South Wales, Australia.

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