TYPES OF CRANE AND FUNCTIONS

Crane is one among the heavy equipment used as a lifter in construction projects. Crane working with the material that will be moved, moving with a horizontal manner, then lower the material at the desired place. This tool have the shape and strength of a great lift and can rotate up to 360 degrees and reach up to several tens of meters, Crane commonly used in the work of project work, ports, workshops, industry, warehousing and others.

Most types of cranes that are commonly used are:

1. Crane Crawler

crawler crane PT. Eka Surya Alam was lifting steel truss railway bridge in northern Aceh district Krueng Mane, Aceh province of Indonesia in 2015

         Crawler cranes are the conveyance of material commonly used in a construction project with jangkaun which is not too long. This type has a top side that can move 360 degrees. With the wheel crawler crane type so it can move on in a project while doing his job. When the crane will wear another projected so crane transported using lowbed trailer. Transportation is done by dismantling the boom so the parts to facilitate the transport process.

1. Truck Crane
   Truck Crane is a crane that is directly on the Truck to be easily taken immediately in the workplace without necessarily taking the vehicle (trailer). This crane has a foot (foundation / pile) which could be installed during operation to protect the crane remains balanced. This crane truck can rotate 360 degrees.

1. Crane To Place Limited
   Crane type is placed on two bags 2nd place as the tire moves with simultaneous manner. with these advantages so this type of crane can move freely. This type crane driving tool that is so large wheels that could increase the strength of the tool in moving the field and can move on the highway with a maximum speed of 30 mph. crane operator room layout is generally in keeping the side deck that can rotate.

1. Tower Crane
   Tower crane is a device used to lift materials by means of vertical and horizontal to a place high on the motion space is limited. Type crane is divided based on a step crane stood the crane that can be freestanding (free standing crane), crane on rails (rail mounted cranes), crane moored on the building (tied-in tower cranes) and the crane climbing (climbing cranes ).

1. hydraulic crane
   Usually all types of cranes using a hydraulic system (oil) and pneumatic to work. But by way of a special crane Hydraulic crane that is commonly used in the workshop as well as warehousing and others, which have a simple arrangement. These cranes are generally placed sector in the points and not to be moved as well as the range is not too long and only 180-degree rotation. Until generally disuatu workshop / warehouse there are increasingly more of the Crane.

2. Hoist Crane
   Namely the Crane Hoist lifting equipment which is typical of warehousing and workshop. Hoist Crane placed on the ceiling as well as the road on rails specials are fitted on the ceiling. Rails earlier can also move the way back and forth in one direction.

3. Jip crane
   Jib cranes are lifting equipment are divided into various sizes, small jeep cranes commonly used in workshop and warehousing to move some goods that are relatively heavy. Jip crane have the system work as well as a similar engine as 'Hoist Crane' as well as a similar arrangement 'Hydraulic Crane'.

1. Parts Crane

       Side of the crane mast or pole that is the main, jib and counter jib, counterweight, trolley and tie ropes. Mast is a vertical pole that stands above the base or basic. Jib is a horizontal pole that length was determined based on the desired range.
   

Criteria for the determination of Tower Crane
Determination tower crane as a tool to move the material is based on the state of the pitch is not extensive, the height of which can not be reached by other means. And do not dibutuhkanya movement of the tool. Determining the type of tower crane that will be used should take into account the condition of the project, the structure of the building, operasiaonal relief well when installing or when demolition. Average determining the ability of the tower crane, based on the weight, dimensions, and the range of the heaviest load, the maximum height of the tool, assembly tool projected, heavy tools required to be retained by its structure, the existing space for tools, extensive space that needs to be accessible tools as well as the speed of the tool to move the material.
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Ability Tower Crane
The capacity depends on some aspects of the tower crane. Which need to be noticed that when the materials transported by crane beyond its ability so it will take place somersault. therefore, the weight of the material transported good as follows:
1. For the wheeled machine crawler which is 75% of the tool's ability.
2. For the wheeled machine rubber tire that is 85% of the tool's ability.
3. For the machine who has a foot that is 85% of the tool's ability.

The outer aspect that needs attention in ensuring that the ability of the tool.
1. The ability of the wind on the tool.
2. Swing the load when moved.
3. Free movement of material.
4. Braking machine in motion.

Similarly, a glimpse of the heavy equipment Crane, Hopefully Helpful !!!