JAUNDICE

Hello everyone, i would like to tell about jaundice in brief in this post.so if u are interested u can read it u will know something about it.

JAUNDICE

Jaundice is also called as icterus.
In our local regional language we called jaundice as pasirikalu which is a telugu word.i want to teach a word of my regional language to u thats why i mentioned it.

Here we go into our topic-

Jaundice or icterus is a yellowish discolouration of tissue resulting from the deposition of bilirubin .Tissue deposition of bilirubin occurs only in the presence of serum hyperbilirubinemia and is a sign of either liver disease or a hemolytic disorder.The degree of serum bilirubin elevation can be estimated by physical examination .Slight increases in serum bilirubin level are best detected by sclerae , which have a particular affinity for bilirubin due to their high elastin content.The presence of
Scleral icterous indicates a serum bilirubin level of atleast 3 mg/dl.

Image source- medicalnewstoday

If the examiner suspects scleral icterus , a second site to examine is underneath the tongue .A serum bilirubin rise , the skin will eventually become yellow in light skinned patience and even green if the process is longstanding ; The green colour is produced by oxidation of bilirubin to biliverdin.

The differential diagnosis for yellowing of the skin is limited .In addition to jaundice it includes carotenoderma ,the use of the drug quinacrine , and excessive exposure to phenols.Carotenoderma is the yellow colour imparted to the skin of healthy individuals who ingest eccessive amounts of vegetables and fruits that contain carotene , such as carrots , leafy vegetables ,squash,peaches , and oranges .In jaundice the yellow colouration of the skin is uniformly distributed over the body, where as in carotenoderma the pigment is concentrated on the palms, soles, forehead and nasolabial folds .Carotenoderma can be distinguish from jaundice by the sparing of the sclerae.

Another sensitive indicator of increased serum
bilirubin is darkening of urine, which is due to the renal excretion of Conjugated bilirubin.Patience often describe their urine as tea or cola coloured.Bilirubinoria indicates an elevation of the direct serum bilirubin fraction and ,therefore ,the presence of livered disease.

Serum bilirubin levels increased when an imbalance exist between bilirubin production and clearance. A logical evaluation of the patient who is jaundiced requires an understanding of bilirubin production and metabolism.

Hope u understand something and u learn something about jaundice.i will make another post about jaundice soon and i will make more posts about many diseases and disorders of our health.
Source-harrisons internal medicine
Thanks for reading,
Yours @summisimeon