Future air conditioner to prevent global warming

Future air conditioner to prevent global
warming
These days, many families are worried about the electricity bill they used last summer. Because of the record-breaking heatwave, each household used the air conditioner more than usual.

Future air conditioner to prevent global warming

Therefore, it is said that there are many people who call the Korea Electric Power Corporation directly to inquire about the electricity rate for August or use an electricity rate calculator to inquire the electricity rate in advance.

In addition, the government had to continue a state of emergency to prevent the worst situation of a 'blackout', such as banning the use of air conditioners by public institutions to overcome the electricity crisis last summer. However, this situation is not unique to Korea.

The increase in air conditioner use leads to a vicious cycle that fuels global warming.
The U.S. Department of Energy recently released a report assessing how vulnerable critical energy and power infrastructure may be to the impacts of climate change. There is also a scenario on how climate change will affect the energy infrastructure of the United States. It also states that power supply problems and power outages may occur if existing power generation facilities cannot meet the rapidly increasing demand for air conditioner power due to abnormal temperatures. known to be included.

According to the U.S. Department of Energy, homeowners in the U.S. spend about $11 billion annually on air conditioning, and about 185 billion kWh of energy is used to cool their homes each year. It is also said that about 100 million tons of carbon dioxide is emitted into the atmosphere every year.

As the average annual temperature rises due to global warming, global air conditioner sales are increasing by about 20% per year. However, such an increase in air conditioner use leads to a vicious cycle that fuels global warming.

According to Stan Cox's book 'Summer War - The Truth About Air Conditioners We Didn't Know' published in Korea in July, substances used as air conditioner refrigerants cause soil pollution by depleting the ozone layer, and if ozone depletion continues at the current level, 2050 It is estimated that by year 5,000 people die from heatwaves in the United States alone.

Former Singapore Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew, the man who built Singapore into Asia's little dragon, is an expert on climate change. However, in an interview with the press in 1999, he also showed an ironic side of answering the question of what he thinks the most important invention of the 20th century is the air conditioner. It is true that air conditioners have played a very important role in a civilization that dramatically increases productivity in tropical regions like Singapore.

So, is there any way to continue to enjoy the cool benefits of air conditioners in the future without adverse effects such as global warming? The American Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA-E) is trying to solve this problem by reducing the energy required to operate the air conditioner.

Conventional air conditioners absorb heat by using a refrigerant such as Freon gas for cooling. However, energy can be saved by replacing liquid or gaseous refrigerants with solid materials such as bismuth telluride.

Another way is to apply a special membrane that cools the air by condensing the water. Companies are developing such technologies, and ARPA-E and the US Navy are supporting the project. The U.S. Navy is targeting fuel savings of 20 to 50 percent, and once the technology is developed, it is expected to be applied first to large-scale air conditioning systems used in buildings and then to homes and offices. In addition, innovative cooling technologies using sound waves or magnets are being considered.

The hotter the weather, the higher the chance of a power outage.
In the hot summer, when air conditioners are used a lot, there is a high risk that electricity may not be available during the hottest hours due to voltage drop or power outages. This is because, on a hot day, the electricity that a transmission line can transmit is limited by the high temperature.

When power is transmitted through a power line, heat is basically generated, and when the temperature rises due to the sweltering heat, the metal conductor inside the power line expands, causing the wire to stretch further. At this time, if the wires are stretched too much, they come into contact with leaves on the ground, and eventually a power outage may occur due to a short circuit accident.

In addition, as the amount of electricity carried by a transmission line increases, a magnetic loss called 'reactive power' occurs, and electricity is lost due to a lot of heat. Reactive power quickly expands to overloaded transmission lines, maintaining a constant voltage and preventing the original purpose of sending electricity.

When the voltage falls below the originally intended threshold, home lighting equipment dims and, in the case of electronics, runs at speeds that can damage motors. In particular, in the case of air conditioners, it exerts a greater burden on the entire power system.

The first solution to this problem is the smart grid.
Smart grid is to regulate the electric grid through automation and computerized control, and some of these control systems can independently exchange information with other systems to make real-time judgment and execution without human intervention.
The second option is the use of solar air conditioners. In recent research, scientists have discovered that solar awnings not only block the sun, but actually lower the building's temperature. Researchers at the University of California used thermal imaging technology to measure the temperature of a building with solar panels installed on the roof. It was found that the temperature was lowered by about 5°C.

Accordingly, electric power experts advise that it is advantageous to use solar air conditioners in order to maintain the cooling of the house without problems even in summer power outages.

Meanwhile, it is reported that China is developing an 'indirect evaporative cooler' that uses 'dry air energy' as power to save 70% energy compared to general air conditioners, and also transports fresh air to prevent indoor pollution problems.

Developed by Tsinghua University researchers in cooperation with an environmental technology company, this 'indirect evaporative cooler' does not use refrigerants such as Freon compared to general air conditioners and uses tap water as a coolant to not emit pollutants during use, and circulate indoors and outdoors. The device can be used to control humidity, remove dust, filter, cool, etc., and bring outdoor air into the room to prevent air-conditioning sickness.

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