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Description of Antiviral Drugs

Antiviral drugs are a class of medication used for treating viral infections

Indications, Dosage, Side Effects, Contraindications, Interactions Precaution of Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) include:

• Zidovudine (AZT)
• Lamivudine (3TC)
• Abacavir (ABC)
• Emtricitabine (FTC)
• Stavudine (d4T)
• Tenofovir (TDF)
o Tenofovir is classified as Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor

Indications
-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) are antiretroviral drugs that are indicated for treatment of HIV/AIDS in combination with other antiretrovirals

Dose and Dosage

Zidovudine (AZT) 300 mg PLUS Lamivudine (3TC) 150 mg twice daily

OR

Tenofovir (TDF) 300mg PLUS Lamivudine (3TC) 150 mg twice daily

Side effects
• Gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea)
• Lactic acidosis
• Lipodystrophy
• Anaemia by Zidovudine
• Hypersensitivity by Abacavir
• Peripheral neuropathy by Stavudine
• Nephrotoxicity by Tenofovir

Contraindications
• Zidovudine is contraindicated to patients with Anaemia
• Patients who are hypersensitive to the NRTIs
• Tenofovir is contraindicated to patients with renal failure

Interactions
Increased risk of haematological toxicity when Zidovudine given with NSAIDs

Precautions
• Monitor liver function when using NRTIs
• Monitor renal function when using Tenofovir
• Monitor red blood cell count when using Zidovudine