How the Egyptian pharaohs and other "famous gods" influence the world today
Tutankhamun
Ancient Egypt is one of the four ancient civilizations in the world. In addition to the well-known historical relics such as Egyptian pyramids and mummies, there are also some ancient Egyptian "famous" and gods. We can feel their traces and influence everywhere in today's society.
They include ancient Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun (Tutankhamun), Cleopatra (Cleopatra), Egyptian pharaoh Akhenaten's queen Nefertiti (Nefertiti, also translated as Nefertiti), ancient Egyptian goddess Isis (Isis) and ancient Egyptian sun god Ra (Ra) and so on.
BBC is here for you to sort out the nine ancient Egyptian celebrities and the gods they worship, and see how they affect our society today.
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Who is Tutankhamun
Tutankhamun was a pharaoh in the New Kingdom period of ancient Egypt. His reign was approximately from 1332 BC to 1323 BC.
His mausoleum is in the Valley of the Kings, a famous tourist attraction in Egypt. People are so familiar with the name of the Egyptian pharaoh because his tomb was never stolen in 3000 years until it was excavated by the British archaeologist Howard Carter in 1922.
People have excavated nearly 5,000 precious cultural relics from Tutankhamun’s mausoleum. Some of the cultural relics have been exhibited circularly in Western museums, including the one currently being held at the Saatchi Art Gallery in London.
Tutankhamun was only 9 years old when he became king, and died at the age of 19. His body has been preserved in a golden coffin for more than 3,000 years.
Tutankhamun has only been in power for 10 years, and his historical influence on the society of Egypt at that time was not great. However, some people think that his impact after death is greater than before.
When his tomb was first discovered, several people who first entered his tomb died mysteriously one after another, so there was the term "Pharaoh's curse".
The so-called "Pharaoh's curse" means that the Pharaoh imposes a powerful curse on all those who dare to disturb his sleep...
Anubis
Anubis appears in the pharaoh's murals with the head and body of a jackal.
Anubis is the god of death, mummy and antiseptic in ancient Egyptian mythology. Anubis appears in the pharaoh's murals with the head and body of a jackal.
Usually, people will see the statue of Anubis near the tomb. Therefore, he is also regarded as the patron saint of the dead.
According to legend, Anubis was also the inventor of embalming. This technique is also unique to the ancient Egyptians.
Tutankhamun's body is the best example of this kind of antiseptic treatment technology, which is still intact after 3000 years. It is enough to prove the magic of this stunt of ancient Egypt.
Nefertiti
Nefertiti's head still remains in the Berlin Museum.
Nefertiti was the queen of Egyptian pharaoh Akhenaten. They gave birth to 6 daughters in total.
Nefertiti is famous for her beauty. She is one of the most important queens in Egyptian history. Legend has it that she not only possesses stunning beauty, but is also one of the most powerful and powerful women in ancient Egyptian history.
Nefertiti and her husband carried out a religious revolution during their reign, overthrowing all the traditional gods of ancient Egypt, and stipulated that only the god Aton could be worshiped.
In 1912, a German archaeologist discovered Nefertiti's colorful bust and transported it back to Germany.
Nefertiti has a series of titles, including hereditary princess, queen of youya, sweet love and so on. But people have never been able to find her mummy.
Sun god pull
The Pyramids of Giza is the most famous pyramid in Egypt. It is mainly composed of three pyramids. The largest is the Pyramid of Khufu, also known as The Great Pyramid (Khufu); the second is Khafre; the smallest is Menkaune. The three small pyramids in front are the queen's pyramids.
Ra is the sun god of ancient Egypt and the most important god in ancient Egyptian mythology.
He has an eagle head and a sun disk on his head, and there is a snake on the sun disk. The Ankh held by the god Ra, or the "key of life", is one of the most well-known symbols of ancient Egypt.
For the Egyptians, the sun represents light, warmth and growth. Some ancient Egyptians worshiped Ra as a creator.
The ancient Egyptians valued Ra very much. Therefore, the pharaohs of ancient Egypt often referred to themselves as the "sons of Ra".
The pharaohs did not hesitate to spend a lot of money in the name of Ra, and built many sun temples and pyramids in Egypt.
The Pyramids of Giza is the most famous pyramid in Egypt. It is mainly composed of three pyramids. The largest is the Pyramid of Khufu, also known as The Great Pyramid (Khufu); the second is Khafre; the smallest is Menkaune. The three small pyramids in front are the queen's pyramids.
Ramses II
Statue of Ramses II at the entrance of Abu Simbel Temple, Egypt
Ramses II is perhaps the most famous pharaoh in Egypt. He reigned for 67 years and gave birth to more than 100 children until he died at the age of 92.
Ramses II’s enthusiasm for huge civil engineering has left his traces all over Egypt. Even in Egypt today, people can still witness many of the monuments and buildings that he built during his lifetime.
At the same time, he is also regarded as the greatest ruler of ancient Egypt. Ramses II established a powerful military force and often went on expeditions.
Osiris
Osiris and sister Isis
Osiris is the Pluto in Egyptian mythology and is also known as the god of death. He is one of the most important gods in ancient Egypt.
Osiris and his sister Isis gave birth to a son named Horus. Then he gave birth to Anubis with another sister, Nephthys.
But in the end, he was murdered by his brother Seth out of jealousy. After his death, Osiris became the god of underworld.
Moreover, Osiris may be the most popular god among all Egyptian gods.
Isis
Isis is a loving goddess in Egyptian mythology.
She guards children and has miraculous healing powers.
The name of Isis means "throne", and his headdress is a throne. As the incarnation of the throne, she is an important embodiment of the pharaoh's royal power.
The Egyptians regarded her as the protector and mother of the pharaoh.
The image of Isis often appears on many ancient Egyptian coffins with his sister, Raftis. Because people think Isis will help protect the dead from evil.
There are four statues of Isis guarded by the shrine of Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun.
Horus
The Eye of Horus is the most important symbol of ancient Egypt.
Horus was the son of Isis and Osiris. He is the god of the sky in ancient Egypt. Some people call him the king and the god of vengeance.
Horus wrestled with his uncle Sete to avenge his father. He later became King of Egypt, but unfortunately, he lost an eye in the battle.
The Eye of Horus became one of the most important symbols of ancient Egypt. People often use it as a talisman, thinking that it can resist evil, danger and disease.
Therefore, Egyptians often have the Eye of Horus logo on their ships, which is widely believed to bless people when they go to sea.
Cleopatra
Cleopatra played by Elizabeth Taylor
Many people may know Cleopatra VII (also known as Cleopatra VII, Cleopatra VII, Cleopatra VII, Cleopatra VII, Cleopatra VII, and Cleopatra VII) through movies and literary works VII, Cleopatra VII), especially the coquettish image of Cleopatra portrayed by American movie star Elizabeth Taylor on the Hollywood screen.
People often refer to Cleopatra as Cleopatra. But who is Cleopatra?
Cleopatra is not actually Egyptian. She is a member of the Greek Ptolemy family and the last queen of the Ptolemy dynasty of ancient Egypt.
After Alexander the Great conquered Egypt, the Ptolemy family ruled Egypt for hundreds of years.
Cleopatra is well-educated, intelligent, and ambitious.
Cleopatra chose to commit suicide.
She became Queen of Egypt at the age of 18, but the law did not allow female rulers. She was forced to share the kingship with her brother first, and later with her son, but it is generally believed that she is the actual power holder.
Another reason why Cleopatra is famous is her beauty and charm.
At the same time, there is also her alliance with Julius Caesar, the Roman emperor, who had one son.
After Caesar was assassinated, she married Caesar's subordinate Mark Antony (Mark Antony).
After Anthony committed suicide after defeat, Cleopatra also chose to commit suicide. She chose to kill herself by biting a poisonous snake.
Cleopatra was the last pharaoh of Egypt. After her death, the Roman Empire began to rule Egypt.