Psychological knowledge has a scientific status and a special bloom. The synthetic nature of ancient Greek thought seeks the origin of being, its ontology and causality. This searches lead to demythologizing the soul, in some sense, and to deducting. Simultaneously with the study of different aspects of the psychic in the context of the concept soul begins a process of study of different psychic modalities - reason, feelings, associations, etc. certain contributors to the unfolding of this process have such surgeons as Hippocrates, Herophilus, Galen and others. Aristotle connects the soul with the biological form of existence of the body.

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The biopsychic approach to the soul raises the psychological explanation of a new, high level and progressive thinkers from that time already see the psyche itself as one of the levels of organization of living matter. Democritus considers the soul as a cause of body activity. He interprets the soul as a natural scientific fact, as something real, as a result of the way matter is structured. Democritus, however, does not follow the path of differentiating mental from physical. For the first time a distinction between soul and body brings the ancient Greek thinker Socrates. The philosophy conceded by Socrates leads to the conclusion that knowledge has its rationale in the social context and its significance to the subject. Extremely important in ideology, Socrates is the categorical definition of the soul as a reality other than the body. She is immortal and in the face of reason she identifies the divine beginning. With this he approaches many ideas of the East.The central theme in Plato's work is the teachings of ideas.

Plato compares ideas and belongings. In Plato's system an important place is the question of the soul. Where is the place of the soul in the world of ideas and belongings? In a closer sense, Plato meditates on the structure of the soul, on its internal organization, built up of rational, affective and volitional layers. What he holds for is the harmony of the structures of the soul to be governed by the hegemony of reason. The rational moment in Plato's views leads to recognition of the connection of the soul with the socio-cultural forms of life. The highest peak in ancient Greek psychological thought is the composition of Aristotle - "For the Soul". The book of the soul is a psychological bible for many and researchers of different times and with different convictions. Aristotle resolutely breaks with the chalzosoic notions of the soul, and affirms the notion that it is not only the essence of the body but also a source of goals capable of purpose-setting and purposefulness, and that is enough to admit that it is close to teleology . It is to be acknowledged that it is the biological approach to the interpretation of the psyche (the soul), and that this is a step forward in approaching the scientific view of the relationship between body and soul.

He affirms the psychological idea of ​​the relationship between soul and body. In general, the ancient Greek thought, through the study of the soul, pays more than modern ideas in psychology. Plato brings into psychology a new idea, which for centuries, and to this day, is an interesting subject of scientific research and explanation. He interprets consciousness within the framework of his most advanced structure - the consciousness. Plato's call to transform one's own soul into a beautiful mirror of the eternal or divine soul defines self-knowledge as an important value. On these peculiarities of consciousness, reduced to self-consciousness, reflection, self-observation, self-concept, etc., contemplates modern psychology.

part 1