Fruit Fly (Bactrocera sp.) In the cocoa plant (Theobroma cacao)

Introduction

The fruit fly (Bactrocera sp.) are pests attack roomates many fruits and vegetables, including pepper plants

Source: https://majalahserangga.wordpress.com/2011/07/12/lalat-buah-tephritid/     

Source: https://lmgaagro.wordpress.com/2016/08/31/mengenal-lalat-buah-bactrocera-sp/ 

Life cycle   

With her ovipositor, this flies pierce the skin of fruit. The number of eggs around 100-120 grains. After 2-3 days, the eggs will hatch and become larvae. The larvae make tunnels in the fruit and ate the meat for about 2 weeks. Larvae that have grown leaves and fallen fruit on the ground, then tunneled 2-5 cm and pupa. Long period of 7-8 days. Total pupa life-cycle of between 23-34 days, depending on the state of the air. This flies in one year generating approximately 8-10 generations (Source: id.wikipedia.org)       

http://infohamapenyakittumbuhan.blogspot.co.id/2012/04/lalat-buah-bactrocera-sp.html   

Damage to the cocoa crop 

Fruit flies attack cacao since the condition is still shaped nipple fruit until the fruit before harvest. If an attack occurs at the beginning of the formation of the fruit, the fruit failed to thrive and fall.   

How to Control 

a. Technical culture Control 

- Enumeration of land under tree canopies rather deep and evenly so pupa contained in the soil will be exposed to sunlight and eventually die. 

- Wrapping the fruit when young with plastic bags, paper cement, newsprint, or banana leaves.   

b. Physical / Mechanic Control 

- Fruits stricken cocoa fruit flies were collected. Then burned and buried. 

- Fumigation around the tree by burning litter / straw to be fired large enough to repel flies. Fumigation performed 3-4 days once started during fruit formation and ending 1 -2 weeks before harvest.   

c. Biology Control 

- Traps by bait or attractant (eg Methyl eugenol) 

- Lowering the fly population by releasing sterile male insects (sterile) in large numbers, so that the chances of success mating with fertile flies in the field is reduced. 

- Utilization of natural enemies among others Biosteres sp., Opius sp., (Braconidae), ants (Formicidae), spiders (Arachnidae), beetles (Staphylinidae) and earwig (Dermaptera). 

- Planting basil plants around the garden.   

d. Chemicals Control 

- Do if found fruit flies in the trap and repeated every 4-7 days until stocks down 

- Provision of bait spray (spray temple), the bait protein containing ammonia mixed with insecticides chlorfirifos or malathion. 

Hope it is useful for us.

Thank you

--@abiproud