Agricultural tools and their evolution over time

agricultural tools, are all those instruments used by man to perform different jobs related to the field or agriculture; such as: how to plow, prepare the earth, load and transport materials, sow, prune, harvest, among others. We can not confuse tools with agricultural machinery, which although they serve as support in agriculture, are usually of great technical complexity.

To talk about the tools that farm workers use, it is necessary to start with the first agricultural tools, which man has used throughout history, and its evolution over time. The first cultivators of the Neolithic era, about 8,000 years ago, these workers used the stones, which worked to obtain important tools of work, among them we can mention the stone tips to open holes in the ground to plant seeds; They also did stunts with stones to grind grains or cereals. With the heart of the trunks of the trees, they made machetes and sharp knives to cut the grass; In addition, they cut parts of the trees with curved branches that were used to cut through the earth.

Then, the man of the Neolithic era, his tools were simple instruments made of wood, stone, antler or bone. Thus time was spent appearing new tools and improving the existing ones, where the hoes and hoes made with wood appear, which were then made with wrought iron, but keeping the same shapes as those of the wood and that is how the little tools evolved. Little man was looking for ways to alleviate hard and exhausting work with the use of new tools to work the land properly.

And so the plows appear, the plow marked a before and after in the history of agriculture for two important reasons: it facilitated the hard work of breaking up dry and icy land and improved the quantity and quality of crops by penetrating deeper into the soil and to be able to sow deeper and out of the reach of rodents, birds, as I mentioned earlier, the first plows were very rudimentary, only some thick and pointed branches that opened furrows in the earth pushed by hard agricultural workers. , but in a few hundred years, the animals came to the scene, the oxen to which the implements were hooked to deepen more and better on the earth and achieve better results. Soon the oxen were accompanied by horses, camels, elephants, any domesticated animal that had the strength and patience to work from sunrise to sunset helping the farmer.

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The Rotherham plow was built in England in 1730; and its triangular shape made it easier to pull it and it was better adapted to be pulled by horses. It was built by the Dutch Joseph Foljambe and marks the beginning of its industrial manufacture.
The first plow built entirely of iron was made by the Englishman Robert Ransome in 1808.
In France, in 1825, a blacksmith from Aisne, surnamed Fonduer, builds the first metal plow with front play.
In the 1830s (some point to 1837 more exactly), the American blacksmith John Deere invented the plowshare of steel. Then the two-wheel plow with driver's seat was invented, and later the disc plow, which appeared in 1847 in the United States; and another that was received with great success in Australia in 1877, built by John Shearer and Sons. Source

Tools for agriculture

• Hoe or hoe: It consists of a piece of steel iron, which can be flat or curved, has a wooden handle a little less than one meter long. It is used to dig dirt and move quantities of material, among other uses.

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• Plow: it is an agricultural tool used to till the earth by opening furrows in it, generally in order to condition it better for sowing. An example of its use is the adequacy of the physical structure of the soil, the aeration or the destruction of weeds. It is usually pulled by animals like oxen and horses.

• Azadón: it is an agricultural tool very used for the orchards, very similar to the hoe. It has a metal blade narrower than the hoe.
  

  
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• Hoz: it is an agricultural tool with a Mesolithic origin and currently very little used due to the mechanization of field tools in general.

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• Gallows: it is a tool with a long handle and with long tips in number usually from 2 to 6, separated. It is used to move lightweight elements such as straw, leaves and other agricultural materials.

• Blades: They are formed by a sheet of steel, these are used to till the earth.

• The planters: it is a tool for manual agriculture used to make holes in the earth and put seeds, plants or bulbs.

• Aventadora: it is a tool that is used to separate the seed from the straw taking advantage of the action of air currents.

Despite all the technological progress some tools that were used in the past, they are still using their forms but made with iron material.