"Permaculture has been trialled successfully in small, disparate subsistence farms, but it has yet to be properly scaled up to the level of industrial farming."

Monocultures are necessary for industrialization. Robotics and AI may make permaculture more potential, but in fact, as you note, it is in controlled environments such as vertical farms that it is possible to exclude pests and reduce pesticide use.

The collapse of natural ecosystems is highly profitable to agriculture. However, it also decimates the quality of life of the beneficiaries of agroindustry, and hoists them on their own petard. The real solution to agroindustry is DIY. Decentralization is the cutting edge of every industry today, and agriculture is leading the charge. Aquaponics promises to enable everyone to eat organic fresh food they grow themselves.

The only way to have healthy ecosystems is to allow them to occupy real estate that is not doused with chemical pollution. The end of the extant economic system of industrial parasitization is necessary to end the privatization of natural ecosystems and the death of life.

Fortunately, this is happening today.