Universal Transverse Mercator Projection (UTM)

Universal Transverse Mercator Projection (UTM)
UTM projections are popular and frequent map projections
used. UTM is a cylindrical projection
has a transverse position, and its distorted properties
conform. The cylindrical field intersects the globe on two
a meridian called a standard meridian with a factor
scale1. The width of zone 6 ° is calculated from 180 ° East by the number
zone 1 to 180 ° east with the zone number 60. Each
zone has its own central meridian. Magnification on
middle meridian = 0.9996. Parallel upper and edge borders
down is 84 ° N and 80 ° LS.
The difference between a UTM projection and another projection lies
on the coordinates. Another projection knows the coordinates
negative while the UTM projection does not recognize the coordinates
negative. With the creation of artificial coordinates, then all
coordinates in the UTM projection system have numbers
positive. The apparent coordinates at (0, 0) are + 500,000 m and

• 0 m for areas north of the equator or
• 10,000,000 m for the area next to the equator.
  The advantages of UTM system are

1. each zone has a symmetrical projection of 6 °,
2. UTM projection formula can be used for transformation
   zone around the world,
3. distortion ranging between 40 cm / 1,000 m and 70 cm / 1,000 m.
   The properties of graticule in UTM Projection
   • A curved line that leads north-south
   is a meridian projection line.
   • The center meridian projection line (central
   meridian) is a straight line.
   • Other meridian projection lines will be
   curved toward the middle meridian.
   • A curved line that leads west-east
   is a parallel projection line.
   • Parallel projection lines adjacent
   north of the equator will curve in the direction
   projection of the north pole.
   • Parallel projection lines adjacent
   south of the equator will curve in the direction
   projection of the south pole.
   • Equatorial circle projection line is a line
   straight west-east direction.
   • The distance between two consecutive meridian projection lines
   is fixed for a certain latitude, but is fluid
   for any latitude changes.
   • The distance between two consecutive parallel projection lines is not fixed.
   • All geodetic coordinates are counted against the meridian
   Greenwich as a zero longitude and toward the equatorial circle
   as a zero latitude.
4. Global Map Sheet
   a) Numbering every 6 ° longitude sheet from 180 ° BB 180 °
   SBT uses the numbers 1-60.
   b) Numbering of each parallel sheet is 80 ° -84 ° N
   use the letter C X by not using
   letters I and O. Hose every 8 ° from 8 ° LS 72 ° N or
   C W.
5. UTM Map Sheet in Indonesia
   UTM application for Indonesia is to divide
   Indonesia into the nine UTM zones. Starting from
   meridian 90 ° east to 144 ° east, starting at zone 46 (meridians
   central 93 ° east until zone 54 (central meridian 141 °).