Utilizing natural materials on finishing work and how to calculate labor and material needs?
Rock outcrop along a mountain creek, Costa Rica. image source
#/media/File:DirkvdM_rocks.jpg){kind=link}
Greeting, how are you steemit friends? glad to meet you again and hopefully healthy always. Today I will be back to discuss the needs of manpower and materials on construction work, I hope any of my previous posts can help you and facilitate the construction work you are working on, hopefully useful.
As we know, that almost every construction job requires finishing to obtain an aesthetics of a building, and usually the finishing work is actually costly or even more expensive than the structure work, why? because sometimes we want comfort and a better aesthetic than most buildings.
Generally in Indonesia, some materials are often used in finishing work, such as ceramics, granite, plywood, even natural stone, in architectural, these materials are the main elements for determining comfort levels, such as how much noise level can be dampened by the material type or even how much luminance needed in a room, so can be said every type of material has its own advantages.
As we will discuss today natural stone, in Indonesia generally this material is used for aesthetics, because each natural stone has its own unique character and, in addition to having a texture that tends to course also has a more natural color.
We'd better get closer to this type of material.
Marble in Carrara marble quarry, Italy. image source
In accordance with the understanding, natural stone is a natural stone derived from nature that can be used as building materials [1], Natural stone does not require a lot of processing to be used as building materials, usually to produce wall and floor coatings, natural stone only needs to be cut into pieces as needed and in order to look more attractive.
Natural stone is divided into several types depending on its use, such as to coat the floor, usually used a stone is the type of marble and granite. While andesite natural stone is often used for wall coatings.
In accordance with the type of natural stone that is often used for construction materials.
1. The stone that has a high hardness [2]
Because it has a high density and low porosity makes this type of natural stone is very hard, usually this type of hard rock is formed because of the old age factor than other rock types.
Types are classified as this rock.
a. Andesite stone
This type of natural stone is the hardest type of stone because it has a very tight pore. Andesite stones are present in volcanic areas and have colors that tend to be darker than other rock types [2].
b. Marble stone
The marble stones are composed of calcite minerals and include one of a kind of rough crystal [2].
c. Granite stone
This type of rock is very commonly used in Indonesia as one of the floor coating material and also wall [2].
2. The rocks that have a softer hardness [2]
Because it has a younger age than other rocks, causing this type of rock has a lower density and softer.
Types are classified as this rock
a. Sandstone
As the name implies, this type of rock formed from changes in the sediment of sand that occurred in a long time, the sand-containing quartz sandstone is the main material forming so that this type of stone has many kinds of colors [2].
Once we know some types of rocks that are often used in construction work then it is time we will make an example of calculating the needs of labor and materials needed to complete the installation of natural stone.
Question :
How much labor and materials are needed to complete the work of natural stone wall Andesit type with a wall length of 6 m x height 2 m?
Answer:
Previously we have to calculate how many areas of the wall that we will do it.
| Length | Height | Information | Amount |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6 m | 2 m | 6m x 2m | 12 m2 |
In accordance with the technical analysis of Indonesian National Standard for construction calculation [3] then, to complete the installation work 1 m2 of the natural stone wall is needed.
| Information | Coefficient |
|---|---|
| Worker | 0.900 Persons per day |
| Mason | 0.450 Persons per day |
| Foreman | 0.045 Person per day |
| Overseer | 0.0045 Person per day |
| Information | Coefficient |
|---|---|
| Andesite natural stone | 1.050 m2 |
| Portland cement | 9.300 kg |
| Construction sand | 0.018 m3 |
In accordance with the analysis of the technique then, to complete the 16m2 natural stone wall coverings needed.
| Description | Information | Amount |
|---|---|---|
| Worker | 0.900 Persons per day x 16 m2 | 14.40 Persons per day |
| Mason | 0.450 Persons per day x 16 m2 | 7.20 Persons per day |
| Foreman | 0.045 Person per day x 16 m2 | 0.72 Persons per day |
| Overseer | 0.0045 Person per day x 16 m2 | 0.72 Persons per day |
| Description | Information | Amount |
|---|---|---|
| Andesite natural stone | 1.050 m2 x 16 m2 | 16.80 m2 |
| Portland cement | 9.300 kg x 16 m2 | 148.80 kg |
| Construction sand | 0.018 m3 x 16 m2 | 0.29 m3 |
In fact, andesite natural stone on the market has a variety of sizes, such as 10 cm x 20 cm and so on, so to determine how many pieces of natural stone needs, you can make your own calculations in accordance with the area of the required area ie m2.
Natural stones have long been used by humans especially as cosmetics materials, the use of this type of material is considered to increase an aesthetics of the building, but also depends on its application.
Currently, with the development of technology makes many types of construction materials that can be utilized including natural stone, in Indonesia itself in addition to cover the floor, natural stone is also used as a wall cover.
In accordance with the above calculation example, then to complete the cover of natural stone walls with an area of 16 m2 is required.
| Information | Amount |
|---|---|
| Worker | 14.40 Persons per day |
| Mason | 7.20 Persons per day |
| Foreman | 0.72 Persons per day |
| Overseer | 0.72 Persons per day |
| Information | Amount |
|---|---|
| Andesite natural stone | 16.80 m2 |
| Portland cement | 148.80 kg |
| Construction sand | 0.29 m3 |
The calculation is only an example and can be used by anyone because in accordance with the calculation of technical analysis of Indonesian National Standard and can be adjusted to the needs of a field.
This is the only thing I can write on this occasion, over all the mistakes and lack of unintentional writing as a servant of God, I apologize.
Thanks to friends who have visited this blog and provided constructive comments, as well as scientists who are willing to sacrifice their time for a better civilization.
Active link reference:
[1] www.wiktionary.org
[2] www.19design.wordpress.com
[3] www.academia.edu
Do you love science? by respecting the work of others and not plagiarism then you are welcome to join steemSTEM by using #science tags, you can also chat with us in steemit chat/steemSTEM channel.
This was an interesting read for me. I never expected to enjoy learning about stone ;)
Thanks buddy :)
My pleasure! :)
wow, amazing concept to express, wanna see more in future, it is very helpful to understand the mechanism of construction, follow you, keep in touch buddy.
Exchellent post!!
I Like your work reestem now _))