Cheap anti-earthquake house [session 1]

kharrazi (63)in #engineering • 7 years ago (edited)

Greetings, how are you steemit friends? Hopefully still the spirit and we finally have passed the yesterday's severe disorder that almost made the majority of steemit.com users panic, thanks to steemit team that managed to improve the situation.

Today I will discuss simple earthquake-resistant buildings, many of which capture the trivia of one-story anti-earthquake building as most of us do not know how to handle it and let it

Natural disasters can not be avoided but we should anticipate the disaster, given the number of casualties due to the collapse of buildings and so many other disadvantages.

The number of losses caused by the earthquake would make us think how to anticipate the disastrous disasters.

In the past few years we have been surprised by the number of dead and homeless victims, the earthquake was included in the most devastating earthquake.

The facts of the earthquake 10 terrible earthquakes and consequently.

Chile, 1960 (9.5 on the Richter scale)
According to related data about 1,655 lost lives and material losses estimated at around US $ 550 million.

Prince William Sound, Alaska 1964 (9.2 Richter Scale)
An estimated 128 lost a human and material loss of US $ 311 million.

Aceh Earthquake, Indonesia 2004 (9.2 Richter Scale)
Over 227,000 people lost their lives in the earthquake that triggered the tsunami and caused millions of US $ million in material losses.

Honshu, Japan 2011 (9.0 Richter Scale)
29,000 people died and caused the destruction of Japan's nuclear reactor so that millions of people were forced to evacuate.

Peninsula, Russia 1952 (8.8 Richter scale)
About 500 people died and material losses reached UD $ 30 billion.

Ecuador 1906 (8.8 Richter scale)
The earthquake that triggered the tsunami killed 1,500 people, the material loss is unknown.

Rat island, Alaska 1965 (8.7 on the Richter scale)
The earthquake that triggered a tsunami as high as 10 m only caused minor damage to the Aleutian islands.

North Sumatra, Indonesia 2005 (8.6 Richter Scale)
Over 1,000 people lost their lives and countless material losses caused by the earthquake.

Assam, Tibet 1950 (8.6 Richter scale)
About 1,500 people died and other unspecified losses included material losses.
source

Once we know how the impact of the earthquake and the resulting losses we try to anticipate the worst of the disaster.

Before continuing the discussion we need to know in advance about the earthquake.

EARTHQUAKE DISASTER

Earthquakes are earth shaking or shifting due to fast moving earth plates (tectonic), earthquakes can also be caused by volcanic eruptions (volcanic).

^{Map of the earth plate / fault. source}

The picture above shows the earth slab that can move at any time.

There are three types of plates that continue to wriggle and cause phenomena while the incident is happening.

Transform boundaries
The plates move and rub against other plates.

Divergent/constructive boundaries
The plate moves away from other plates.

Convergent / destructive boundaries
The plate is rubbing and approaching the other plate.
source

What happens when one of the plates is cracked or broken (tectonic).

The soil along the cracks will shift and move away from each other up to several meters
Earth shakes for several seconds or minutes.
There will be smaller aftershocks for several days or weeks.
Sometimes tectonic earthquakes can trigger volcanic earthquakes.

^{Image fracture / slab. source}

EARLY STEPS OF PREVENTION

We know the earthquake is a natural disaster and unavoidable, so what should we do ?.

Studying the earth plate map is the first step to anticipate, the 5 KM zone of left-right slab usually suffers the worst damage.

Some earthquake-resistant buildings if built on the plate / fault line can not survive.

The simplest anticipation is to build houses with earthquake-resistant construction so as to minimize the worst impact.

Earthquakes are a natural process that occurs repeatedly, the area that had experienced an earthquake some time ago will certainly experience an earthquake in the future.

ANTI-EARTHQUAKE HOUSE

Wooden house / wooden construction

Wooden houses become the best choice, timber construction can cope with earthquake shocks. Wood construction can adjust with shock or more flexibility.
We should know that wood construction is better than poorly constructed concrete or reinforced concrete.

WOOD HOUSE CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS

^{Construction of foundation (mountain rock) that must be done at least as the picture above. credit @kharrazi}

^{Each column should use anchor as a binder with the foundation. credit @kharrazi}

^{In the column should be mounted nails as a wall hook, so that the wall can merge with the column. credit @kharrazi}

^{Wooden joints should be pen-shaped, to allow each wood to fuse and bind each other. credit @kharrazi}

^{Each wooden angle joint should be supported/proponent. credit @kharrazi}

To be continued...

CONCLUSION

As we know earthquakes are a recurring and inevitable natural phenomenon as long as we are only able to anticipate them in order to minimize the worst impacts.

As a first step and cheap, wooden construction can be a cheap alternative to earthquake resistant building considering the elastic nature of wood so it can adjust to earthquake shock, especially light earthquake.

Only this can be written on this occasion, for all the mistakes and lack of writing as a servant of God, I apologize.

Thank you to friends who have visited this blog and provide constructive comments, as well as to scientists who are willing to sacrifice time for the betterment of civilization.

source:

www.tekno.tempo.co

www.wikipedia.org

www.rumah.com

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