Importance of the use of geothermal energy

The geothermal resource is fundamental for the generation of heat, the heat energy that is generated inside the earth. The main objective of this publication is to analyze the issue of using the internal heat of the earth to generate energy.
This energy found in the interior of the earth's crust is part of geothermal reserves, which extend to different parts of the planet and can be extracted legally and profitably.

When we say that it is legal, it is because the world's energy demand has caused humanity to adapt its production systems to new ways of generating energy on a large scale and with high potential.

Let us study certain technical characteristics before evaluating the generation of energy from these geothermal sources:

Geological conditions that determine the existence of a geothermal deposit:
Location: There is presence of these deposits in the subsoil, approximately at depths of 1-2 km depth. They are porous and permeable rocks (aquifer) that allow the accumulation of water vapor, water and gas, which in turn can circulate through these porous and permeable media, making it possible to extract them.

Formation of the geothermal aquifer: The aquifer can be water reserves that are heated by a normal and anomalous heat flow, which on heating generates a large amount of water vapor.

Conservation: To maintain the existence of a geothermal deposit it is necessary that there is a lithological formation that acts as a hedge, in a way that avoids the continuous dissipation of the energy of the water-rock thermal system.

Production: To exploit a geothermal deposit, wells have to be made to extract the hot water, which acts as a vehicle to transport heat energy.

With all this background of technical terms we can say that for centuries they have been used by man for medicinal purposes.

There are three types of geothermal deposits:
High enthalpy: these medium enthalpy deposits provide water or steam at temperatures between 100 and 150 ºc and can be used directly in obtaining electricity.

Medium enthalpy deposits: provide water or steam at temperatures between 100 and 150 ºc, which can not be used to obtain electricity.

Low enthalpy deposits: they provide hot water at temperatures below 100 ºc, which do not allow for electricity, but allow them to be used in domestic heating, heating greenhouses, in various industrial uses.

As an understanding, in various parts of our planet, we have several geothermal deposits, which in a certain way do not have the maximum exploitation desired to generate electrical energy or other types of energy, if these deposits are exploited at the scale of conventional resource deposits such as oil or natural gas, we would have opportunities to generate clean energy, since in its operation we would only be producing water vapor, clear water vapor that at high temperatures moves large amounts of usable energy for electricity generation.

As a final conclusion, I can add that part of the non-exploitation of this type of resources is due to the fact that it has not been given proper propagation, so that the existing deposits are renewed in their entire exploitation, and in this way combat the shortage in the generation of electric power, which has many cases worldwide.

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