What is Interoperability & Consensus? How to Rectify these Problems?

Introduction to problems related to Blockchain
The blockchain network is so advanced but still has issues and needs upgrades and progress. The components of Blockchain exist as islands. Every component such as digital asset, identities, messages, data, contracts everything is a separate entity. None of these components can be in touch with each other and behave as isolated islands. Neither are they able to connect with other blockchains. Each of these Blockchain is private, and none of them is straightforward and transparent. Because of this reason, there is no way to audit anything or independently rely on a third-party audit.

To nullify this situation, it was necessary that a system or network is made that is less decentralized and could be utilized as a medium that is transparent and easily utilized.
The consensus algorithms utilized currently are various BFT algorithms, POW, DPOS, or POS. Each of the algorithms is utilized by different blockchain networks. For example, Bitcoin and Ethereum use POW. POW has a really bad reputation when it comes to attacks and security measures. The energy utilization of POW is extreme. The security provided is none. POW is known for selfish mining attacks, and remain prone to waste energy and fifty-one percent of the attacks.

POS has no success rate currently. However, the combination of POS with NXT and some other variations of the POS consensus algorithm are categorized separately. Metaverse has switched to this mixed network already. Also, Ethereum has a plan to move its algorithms to this mix. POW and POS combines algorithmic networks have a significantly higher cost in case of any attack, thus decreasing the chances of any attacks. However, this is not a permanent solution. This is still something that is being done for security and is appreciated.
DPOS algorithm operates on twenty-one master nodes. It does not have decentralization and censor resistance. However, still, it can achieve thousands of transactions a second. Two key components of any blockchain network are decentralization and censorship resistance; you cannot simply ignore them. That is the reason DPOS is not the answer to the currently faced blockchain problems. Necessary consensus tradeoff combines two or three algorithms. It maximizes the trilemma mentioned, such as scalability, decentralization, security.

Solutions by DNA
DNA is a decentralized dual network architecture in which dual chain structures are utilized. It increases the cost to attack a network to a whole new level making it nearly impossible to attack the network, thus, providing with higher security. Moreover, there are two consensuses working parallel, so it makes it difficult even to attempt an attack. The dual network system simultaneously works to increase the security and decentralized network increases the censorship too.

DNA works on three node structure. In this structure, there are unlimited child nodes, five hundred and twenty-nine regular nodes, and twenty-three super nodes. All three of them work parallel and has a different job to do. Combining effort of them all makes it a perfect network with maximum security and speed.