Penggunaan Daya Energi Bitcoin Mencapai Separuh Indonesia / Use of Bitcoin Energy Achieves Half of Indonesia
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Anda mungkin bertanya, mengapa bitcoin membutuhkan energi begitu besar? Begini penjelasannya. Untuk dapat beroperasi, bitcoin memanfaatkan komputer (atau node) yang berfungsi mencatat transaksi yang terjadi di jaringan bitcoin. Setiap orang yang rela komputernya menjadi pencatat transaksi, bisa bergabung ke jaringan dengan menjalankan aplikasi khusus bitcoin.
You might ask, why does bitcoin need so much energy? Here's the explanation. In order to operate, bitcoin utilizes a computer (or node) that serves to record transactions that occur in bitcoin networks. Every person who is willing to be a computer transactions recorder, can join the network by running a special application bitcoin.
Lembaga riset Morgan Stanley memperkirakan, kebutuhan energi bitcoin dan cryptocurrency tahun ini akan menembus angka 140 Terrawatt-Hour (TWh). Sebagai gambaran, kebutuhan energi di Indonesia pada tahun 2016 adalah 216 TWh.
Morgan Stanley research institute estimates, energy needs of bitcoin and cryptocurrency this year will penetrate the number 140 Terrawatt-Hour (TWh). As an illustration, energy demand in Indonesia in 2016 is 216 TWh.
Namun karena transaksi di jaringan bitcoin terus terjadi dan harus terus dicatat, komputer-komputer ini pun harus terus menyala. Tentu, tidak banyak orang rela menyalakan komputernya terus-terusan tanpa adanya imbalan. Karena itulah jaringan bitcoin memberikan imbalan berupa bitcoin gratisan. Setiap jam, sistem bitcoin akan mengeluarkan 75 bitcoin kepada komputer yang “beruntung” dan berhasil menyelesaikan hitung-hitungan algoritma khusus.
However, because transactions in bitcoin networks continue to occur and should continue to be recorded, these computers must continue to burn. Of course, not many people are willing to turn on the computer constantly without any reward. That's why bitcoin networks reward free bitcoins. Every hour, the bitcoin system will output 75 bitcoins to the "lucky" computer and successfully complete special algorithm counts.
Seluruh komputer yang menyala tersebut tentu membutuhkan energi. Sebenarnya, agak sulit secara persis menghitung konsumsi energi dari semua komputer tersebut. Namun kita bisa melakukan prediksi berdasarkan asumsi seberapa rela pemilik komputer mengeluarkan investasi di sisi energi untuk menambang bitcoin. Digiconomist mengasumsikan, angka investasi di bidang energi sekitar 60% dari harga satu keping bitcoin.
All the computers that are powered up need energy. In fact, it is rather difficult to precisely calculate the energy consumption of all such computers. But we can make predictions based on the assumptions of how willing the computer owner to invest in the energy side to mine bitcoin. Digiconomist assumes, the investment rate in the energy field is about 60% of the price of a single chip of bitcoin.
Setelah itu, kita bisa melakukan prediksi konsumsi energi berdasarkan harga bitcoin dan harga listrik. Digiconomist sendiri menyediakan grafik khusus yang memprediksi tingkat konsumsi jaringan bitcoin ini. Per 11 Januari 2018, angkanya mencapai 40,2 TWh. Angka yang dirilis Morgan Stanley di atas adalah akumulasi dari bitcoin dan cryptocurrency lain.
After that, we can predict energy consumption based on bitcoin price and electricity price. Digiconomist itself provides a special graph that predicts the level of consumption of this bitcoin network. As of January 11, 2018, the figure reached 40.2 TWh. The number released by Morgan Stanley above is the accumulation of bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies.
Konsumsi energi ini sendiri bisa terus naik (atau turun) sesuai pergerakan harga bitcoin dan cryptocurrency lain. Namun faktor konsumsi listrik ini menambah alasan bagi pihak yang skeptis terhadap bitcoin. Agak sulit membayangkan bitcoin akan menggantikan sistem pembayaran tradisional jika konsumsi energinya demikian tinggi. Sebagai perbandingan, sistem pembayaran Visa hanya 1,3% dari bitcoin.
This energy consumption alone can continue to rise (or fall) according to price movements of bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. But this power consumption factor adds to the skeptical reason for bitcoin. It's hard to imagine bitcoin replacing a traditional payment system if its energy consumption is so high. In comparison, the Visa payment system is only 1.3% of the bitcoin.
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