KLEROS The Justice Protocol

orianna (42)in #crypto • 6 years ago (edited)

INTRODUCTION

Kleros is one protocol that seeks to provide a multipurpose court system able to solve every kind of dispute.

Kleros does not rely on the honesty of a few persons at all.

It is based on a essential insight from legal epistemology: a court is an epistemic engine, a tool for ferreting out the truth about events from a confusing array of clues. An agent (jury) follows a procedure where an input (evidence) is used to produce an output (decision) (15).

What they do?

Kleros handle the technology of crowdsourcing, blockchain and games theory to develop a real justice system that give to us true decisions in a honestly, secure and inexpensive way.

USE CASES

Project Description

Arbitrated Contracts :

Smart contracts have to design a Kleros as their arbitrator. The basic idea is that they can choose a type of court specialized in the real topic of the contract they want for Kleros to help. Here's an example of the court:

Kleros Whitepaper figure 2 p.3

Options for jurors :

The contracts will have the specify options available for jurors can vote.

Privacy :

In order to prevent outside observers from accessing this information, the natural language contracts (English or other) and the labels of the jurors voting options are not put on the blockchain

Drawing Jurors

System token "the pinakion": Users can have an economic interest by serving as jurors in Kleros. Candidates will self-select to serve as jurors using a token called pinakion. The probabilities of being selected as a juror for one dispute is proportional to the complete amount of tokens a juror deposits.

Jury selection: After candidates for being jurors have selected specific courts and deposited their tokens, the final selection is done in random way. Here's an image of the example of tokens deposited and selected jury members.

Kleros Whitepaper figure 3 p.5

Random number generation: In the command to select the jurors they need a process to draw random numbers.

Random numbers are generated with sequential proof of work (10) using a scheme similar to B¨unz et al.

Votes:

After assessing the evidence, jurors committheir vote to one of the options. After a juror has made a commitment, his vote cannot be changed. But it is still not visible to other jurors or to the parties.

Arbitration fees: The arbitrable smart contract will determine which party will pay the arbitration fee.

Appeals:

If, after the jury has reached a decision, a party is not satisfied (because it thinks the result was unfair), it can appeal and have the dispute ruled again. Each new appeal instance will have twice the previous number of jurors plus one. Due to the increased number of jurors, appeal fees must be paid.

Incentive system: Jurors rule disputes in order to collect arbitration fees. The tokens are divided between the coherent parties proportionally to their weight. Here's an example of the token redistribution.

Kleros Whitepaper figure 4 p.9

Here's is a youtube video explaining the justice protocol:

Attack resistance

The attack resistance consist in two parts: The one that consist in buying half of the tokens (If a party were to buy half of the tokens, it would control the results in the General Court and therefore could ultimately decide all results.) Or The second that is about Bribe Resistance (Appeals are one really important mechanism against bribes).

Court Arborescence

Each subcourt has a specific features, also each token holder can register in at most one subcourt of each court they have token activated. Here is an easy example of legal registrations

Kleros Whitepaper figure 5 p.11

Governance Mechanism

Token holders will have an amount of votes equal to the amount of pinakions they hold. They will have the option of voting directly or delegating their vote. When a user fails to vote, his voting power is automatically transferred to his delegate. You can see an illustration of the liquid voting mechanism.

Here's an example of a liquid vote

Kleros Whitepaper figure 6 p.11

This mechanism can be used for:

1. Establish policies: this are guidelines about how to arbitrate disputes. They are something like the laws in traditional justice systems.

2. Modify the subcourts: adding, removing or modify subcourts.

3. Modify parameters in each subcourts.

4. It can change one of the smart contracts Kleros rely on.

PARTNERS

Conclusion

Kleros will be the most honest court system thanks to their mechanism, empowering the smart contracts by crowdsourced jurors trusting on economics incentives. Thank to the electronic commerce growing at a fast steps, they need something to carry the laws in them, something to solve the disputes and there is when Kleros get in, helping with their mechanism building a decentralized network of juries to adjudicate disputes in the different industries. Kleros can offer a decentralized escape hatch, correcting errors to revoke smart contracts when compliance has become unreasonable. Helping each one of us to grow up in the internet with security, with something that give us real justice without a corrupt system but a totally fair system as posed by Kleros.