The computer operating system is a system software that is run directly when the computer is booting in charge of managing the associated software and hardware. The software manages by the operating system is called the application, for example word processing application and video player application. System software is a term used for software that is tasked with controlling and managing hardware, so that applications can run.

Computer operating systems provide services (services) that can be used by the application to perform its function called Apllication Program Interface (API). API is a service (service) of the operating system that can be used by the application to perform instructions related to control software or hardware.

Each operating system has a different interface. There are two types of user interface in the operating system is the command line and Graphical User Interface (GUI). The GUI is an interactive interface using graphical visualization to make it easier for users to use the operating system.

Operating System Functions

The operating system has an important role in a computer system. Here are some functions of the operating system,

Provides a computer main view (user interface).
Running multiple apps at the same time (multitasking).
Sharing computer memory to applications that are running.
Handles input and output of hardware that is connected to a computer system.
Send messages to apps related to system performance, so they can be accepted by users according to the purpose of the app.
Make a note of the running application (log).
Perform partition and file management.
Perform instructions in parallel to the processor to optimize the performance of computer systems.
Manage the user account of a computer system (user account).
Connect the BIOS with the drivers of a hardware device so that the hardware can be operated.

How Operating System Works in Computer System

Here is a layer of a computer system according to the Ciresearchgroup Organization.

Layer: Ciresearchgroup Organization
In a computer system consists of hardware (hardware), kernel, and userspace. Hardware is the physical form of a computer system. The kernel is the core software that acts to communicate with hardware and software applications. The kernel function is the main function of an operating system. Userspace is another software that consists of libraries and utilities (application system standard instructions) and applications / applications (software used by users).

The operating system works as a link between software and hardware in a computer system. The operating system has basic instructions that can be understood by software and hardware. In this case the operating system is also assisted by the system software from the associated hardware called the driver.

Example of Computer Operating System

Microsoft Windows

Microsoft Windows is a computer operating system developed by Microsoft since 1985 using graphical interface (GUI). Microsoft Windows became the most popular computer operating system in the world. Microsoft Windows was developed with C, C ++, and C # programming languages.

Mac OS

Mac OS (Macintosh Operating System) is a computer operating system developed by Apple since 2001 which is the standard operating system of computer peripheral output. So Mac OS can only be used on Apple devices. Mac OS is written in C ++, Objective C, and Swift programming languages.

Linux

Linux is a family of UNIX-based operating systems which is an open source computer operating system developed by the community since 1991. Since it was built by a large community, linux proved to be the most stable operating system and has excellent memory management. Linux is very popular among data centers. In addition Linux is proven to be immune to viruses. The most widely used languages ​​for developing Linux are C and Assembly. There are many types of Linux developed by different communities such as Ubuntu, Debian, Fedora, and others

Chromium OS

Chromium OS is an open source computer operating system developed by Google that uses the Linux kernel as a basic system instruction. Chromium OS was developed and released since 2011.

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