Moss abd natural

---

Photofrapher	collorchallenge Team
Title	Colorchallenge thursday green
Location	Atjeh

---

about moss

Understanding, Characteristic and Classification of Lichen Plants (Bryophyta)

---

• A. GROWTH DESCRIPTION (BRYOPHYTA)

Lichen (in Greek: bryophyta) is a division of plants that live on land, which is generally green and small (can not be seen with the help of lenses), and the largest moss size is less than 50 cm. The moss lives on rocks, logs, trees, and on the ground. Moss spread almost all over the world, except in the sea.

Moss has plastid cells that can produce chlorophyll A and B, so they can make their own food and are autotrophic. Moss belongs to the kingdom plantae, in which kingdom plantae includes all multicellular organisms that have differentiated, eukaryotic, and cell walls have cellulose. Organisms belonging to the plantae are almost entirely autotrophic (making their own food) with the help of sunlight during photosynthesis.

B. Character - The Character of the Landslide (BRYOPHYTA)
It is small and rarely reaches 15 cm
Its shape is flat like a ribbon, and it is like a stem with small leaves
The body's constituent cells have cell walls composed of cellulose

Stems and leaves have different arrangements, namely:

• 1. A layer of skin cells, some of which form rhizoid epidermis, rhizoid looks like a thread that serves as a root and absorbs food from water and mineral salts
• 1. The inner skin layer is composed of the cortex, the central cylinder consisting of auxiliary cells or parenchyma extending, containing no xylem and phloem

1. Central cylinder, consisting of parenchymal cells useful for transporting ari
   and mineral salts.

Growth in the moss is elongated

The arrangement of gametangium (arkegonium or anteredium) has a unique arrangement, which is often found in nail plants (pteridophyta), especially arkegoniumnya. Arkegonium is a female gamete that is shaped like a bottle and contains an ovum cell, whereas anteredium is a male gamete of round tabg and contains spermatozoid cells

The leaves are as thick as one layer of cells, except the mother of the leaf bone is more than one layer. Small leaf cells, containing chloroplasts are arranged like a net and are narrow and elongated

Sporophyte (sporogonium) consists of:

• 1. Seta or tank
• 1. Vaginula, the legs covered with arkegonium walls
• 1. Apophisis, ie the end of the seta or widening tank, is a transition between seta and the spore box
• 1. Kaliptra or hood, which is derived from the upper arkegonium wall and will become a spore box hood

1. Columnum, tissue that does not take part in the formation of spores
   The reproductive system is metagenesis, ie reproduction between sexual (gametophyte) and asexual (sporophyte). Sexual reproduction forms male and female gametes in gametophytes, whereas asexual reproduction with haploid spores is formed within sporophyte

C. HEALTHY PLANTATION (BRYOPHYTA)

The life cycle of moss plants is metagenesis, due to alternating between sexual and asexual reproduction. Initially sporophytes produce spores that will become protonema, from this protonema gametophytes are formed. This gametophyte generation has a single chromosome cell called haploid (n) and this gametophyte produces gametangium (reproductive organs) called anteredium in males and arkegonium in females. Gametangium is protected by a special leaf (bract).

Anteredium is round and produces spaghetti sperm (anterezoid and spermatozoid), whereas arkegonium is shaped like a bottle that has a wide section called the abdomen, and there is a narrow section called the neck.

The fertilization of an egg by an anterzoid produces a zygote with two chromosome cells or called a diploid (2n). This zygote is the beginning of the sporophyte again. Then the zygote divides into adult sporophytes that already have legs to attach to the gametophytes, seta, and capsules at the edges. This capsule is where the spores are produced through phase phases in meiosis. After the spores are cooked and removed from the capsule, then the moss life cycle repeats itself from the beginning.