美丽星期天-世界文化遗产-利沃里城堡-|Castello di rivoli（World Heritage #823）| -Beautiful Sunday

意大利十月的天气应该算是一年里最好的，这个周末我和 @breathewind 两口子去了都灵郊区的Rivoli小镇爬了个小山丘，感受了一下家门口的世界文化遗产-利沃里城堡（UNESCO 编号823）。

Italian weather in October should be considered the best one of the whole year, this sunny weekend @breathewind with his wife and I went to the outskirts of Turin, Rivoli town, to climb a small hill and visit the world cultural heritage - Castello di rivoli( UNESCO number 823).

因为都灵是曾经统一意大利的萨沃伊家族的大本营，也是统一意大利以后的第一个首都，所以在都灵有好几处世界历史文化遗产。都灵城的东西南北四个方向，都各有一处萨沃伊家族的行宫或者狩猎宫。今天我们去的利沃里城堡就是位于都灵市区西北部的小山上的萨沃伊家族的一处行宫。

城堡的建造源于萨沃伊家族想在利沃里的高地上修建一座可以俯瞰整座城市的战略城堡。最早的设计方案是城堡的主体由四个塔楼构成，再加上一条东西向的长条建筑作为皇室的私人美术长廊。

The reason to build such Castle from the idea of Savoy's family want to built a strategic castle located on the hill in Rivoli can see the whole city. The earliest design plan is the main body of the castle consists of four towers, plus a long east-west building as the royal private art gallery.

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后来到了十八世纪初期，又在原有的基础上，知名建筑设计师菲利普•尤瓦拉（Filippo Juvarra）打算把城堡设计改造地更加恢弘壮观。然而后来遇到了资金和材料短缺的困难，在完成城堡的东边一侧和中央大厅以后，城堡的建造停工了。然而对于已经建成的部分，绝对配得上皇室专享。

Later, in the early eighteenth century, Filippo Juvarra, a well-known architect, was planning to transform the castle more spectacular based on the original plan. However, the shortage of funds and materials at that time let him didn't achieve it. After finished the east side of the castle and the central hall, the construction of the castle stopped. However, for the already completed part of the castle, it is absolutely worthy of the royal family exclusive.

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后来随着拿破仑对意大利的入侵，萨沃依皇室的权利日益衰微，利沃里城堡也渐渐被人遗忘。曾经一度成为军队的驻地和二战中的难民收留所。

After that, with the Napoleon invasion of Italy, Savoy royal's right was declining. Once the castle became a resident of the army and a refugee shelter during World War II.

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在意大利庆祝统一一百年的庆典中，皮埃蒙特大区政府提出重修利沃里城堡的计划。意大利的历史建筑修复与再利用专业在世界上首屈一指，当然离不开意大利本身拥有的丰富的历史建筑资源。利沃里城堡的修复与改造工程的核心宗旨是利用现存古建筑，借助现代建筑技术，打造出一座现代艺术博物馆。这一理念的绝妙之处在于利用传统，古典的外形，与现代，前卫的内容互相衬托。这是为什么我们可以在城堡的外表看到大量的钢铁，水泥和玻璃这样现代工业的产物，他们与古典的红砖形成了鲜明对比。

When Italy celebrated its unity in one at one hundred years, Piedmont government proposed to rebuild Rivoli castle. The subject of historical architectural restoration and reuse in Italy is the best one in the world, of course, it depends on Italian own rich historical building resources. The repair and renovation of the Rivoli castle is based on the use of existing ancient buildings, with modern architecture to create a new museum of modern art inside it. This is why we can see in the appearance of the castle, there are a lot of steel, cement and glass, they are contrast with the classical red brick of the castle. !steemitworldmap 45.0698486 lat 7.5080607 long d3sc

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在城堡西侧的小花园里我们还看到了味道和橘子很像的果子，闻起来就像蜂蜜柚子茶的味道一样。

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如今的利沃里城堡已经成为都灵人周末散步的绝佳去处，可以徒步或者骑单车来到这里，俯瞰整个都灵城。天气好的时候还可以看到对面山上的苏佩尔加大教堂。城堡内的现代艺术馆也每年吸引着来自全世界各地的艺术家在这里举办他们的个人作品展。利沃里城堡的成功改造与再利用的案例也已经写进了意大利历史建筑修复专业的教科书培，为培养年轻的艺术修复人才更加合理地改造这些前人留给我们后人的艺术瑰宝。

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