加國隨拍⑮：白求恩故居 Bethune Memorial House

thomaskikansha (65)in #cn • 7 years ago

白求恩是在加拿大出生的蘇格蘭人，於多倫多大學完成醫學博士學位後曾於多地任胸外科醫生、亦發明了一系列的胸外科手術器械。上世紀三十年代時值西班牙內戰，他率領醫療隊到西班牙作醫療支援，途中創辦了流動傷者急救系統，成為日後被廣泛採用的移動軍事外科醫院之雛形；為了輸血以搶救失血過多的傷者，他也發明了世界上第一種運送血液的方法。

因信仰共產主義，他加入了加拿大共產黨、亦在三十年代末到中國支援毛澤東為首的共產黨。他在1939年因敗血病在河北省去世。他在中國時透過和在美國、加拿大的機構及友人書信，讓西方得知當時中國的情勢。另外，毛澤東為了表達對白求恩的謝意，專門寫了一篇名為《紀念白求恩》文章。

在1996年，白求恩在格雷文赫斯特的故居被加拿大政府列入加拿大國家文化遺產，及後成為紀念館。

Henry Norman Bethune was born at Gravenhurst, Canada. He started his career as a surgeon after finishing his medical PhD at University of Toronto. He also invented a series of surgery tools as a surgeon. During 30s while Spain had civil war, he led a medical team to Spain to provide medical support. He then established a mobile first-aid system for injuries, which inspired the widely-used mobile military hospital later. He also invented the first ever method in the world for transportation of blood, which enabled blood transmission for emergency surgery.

He believed in Communism and joined the Communist Party in Canada. During late-30s he travelled to China to support the local Communist Party, led by Mao. In 1939, he contracted Septicaemia and died of his wounds, in China. During his stay in China, he posted letters to his friends and organizations in USA and Canada, which enabled the western to know about is happening in China at that time. On the other hand, Mao wrote an essay 'In Memory of Norman Bethune' to thank Bethune for his great support, in 1940.

In 1996, Bethune's birthplace at Gravenhurst was declared as Canada's National Historic Site and become a memorial museum.