Climate change. Consequences:
Consequences of climate change on food. For now, there has been growing concern about how to meet the world's food needs in light of population growth, climate change, and increased competition for land and water. The projected population of the planet by the year 2050 is about 9 billion people. Currently there is already a serious problem of food insecurity, with an estimated 1 billion people who are currently undernourished. Additionally, a significant percentage of the population is raising their income level.
With this, there is not only a greater consumption of food, but also the consumption of certain foods, particularly red meat, which requires more natural resources for their production, particularly land and water. It is estimated that by 2050 food production should increase globally by 70% relative to 2009 levels, but by 100% in basic and middle-income countries.
Another process contributes, some more directly than others, to raising food security: the behavior of food prices in the international market; Given the growing internationalization of national economies, these price variations affect above all the lower-income sectors of the population, a high percentage of whose expenditures are destined to the purchase of food.
On the other hand, the phenomenon of land grabbing reduces the margins of countries to determine the use that is given to farmland based on their own food needs. Voices of warning are also raised to question the sustainability of modern agriculture, characterized by the intensive use of fossil energy, monoculture, the use of polluting substances and by machinery that alerts the structure of the soils.
One of the main impacts of climate change on food security is through its effects on food production, especially on the yields of agricultural production, due to changes in temperature, water availability and the rise in CO2. in the atmosphere, and by the interaction between these factors.
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