What are the global trends in cancer incidence and mortality?

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, with both incidence and mortality rates continuing to rise. The global trends in cancer incidence and mortality indicate that the disease is a significant health challenge for many countries.

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that approximately 18 million new cancer cases and 9 million cancer-related deaths occurred in 2018. This corresponds to an estimated cancer mortality rate of 14.6 per 100,000 population. The most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide are lung, breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer.

The incidence of cancer and mortality from the disease vary widely among countries. Generally, countries with higher income levels and better access to healthcare typically have lower cancer incidence and mortality rates. For example, the incidence of cancer in the United States is around 467.3 cases per 100,000 population, compared to a global average of 278.2. Similarly, the mortality rate in the US is around 158.7 deaths per 100,000 population, compared to a global average of 97.7.

The trends in global cancer incidence and mortality are largely driven by lifestyle and environmental factors. Factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, diet, and exposure to chemicals, radiation, and other environmental pollutants all play a role in increasing cancer risk. Additionally, poorer countries often have inadequate access to cancer diagnosis and treatment, which can contribute to higher mortality rates.

In general, the global cancer incidence rate is expected to continue to increase in the coming years, due to a combination of population growth, aging populations, and rising rates of lifestyle-related risk factors. However, advances in cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment are expected to help reduce mortality from the disease.

Overall, the global trends in cancer incidence and mortality are concerning. It is essential for countries to invest in preventive measures and access to healthcare to help reduce the burden of this deadly disease.