Prospect of application of block chain in shipping field (two) 区块链在航运领域业务的应用展望（二）
In yesterday's article, Beidou chain and hang Zhong international group have discussed the future cooperation mode, development direction and application prospect of shipping business and block chain, and analyzed the characteristics and problems of traditional shipping business. We look forward to the application of block chain technology to improve the efficiency of shipping and reduce the cost, so that enterprises can bring new vitality with the help of new technology. From the perspective of business content in shipping area, we look forward to some applications based on block chain technology and the changes in shipping business. We continue to share the application of block chain technology in the field of shipping, but we analyze it from the perspective of block chain today.
The first is the sharing of technology open source.
After the development of the block chain application is the application of patent or open source sharing, it is a major problem that puzzles the managers of the enterprise. One thing is for sure. If we want to expand the application ecosystem of the shipping industry, and open up the technology of interaction protocol and data format, it is the best proof that the system is transparent, safe and fair. More critical is the guarantee of the contract between the various outlets. Because in the union of the chain does not need to account for encouragement, do not need to "force" as a scarce resource, this time only through the open source technology that "must account" become the core of the contract, to ensure that the synchronization of data, computing and audit ability by means of open source.
The second is to develop a high concurrency chain.
Block chain can be divided into public and private, chain chain chain alliance: public access and management authority in accordance with the chain, like the Internet, open to anyone, anyone is free to join; private chain, an organization established within the organization, can help complete the internal audit work; Alliance chain multi center network model, designed for specific business establishment, can establish a data center between different logistics providers; data consistency of distributed storage is the biggest problem with concurrency is higher, the greater the probability of conflict, this is a chain of public insurmountable problems. However, because there are not many primary partners in the alliance chain, no need for each node to keep accounts, so we can use the consensus mechanism such as side chain technology and lightning network to achieve higher concurrency performance.
Finally, the asset anchorage center is set up.
The real assets are transformed into tokens on the block chain to complete the upstream chain process of the original assets as well as the settlement of the cross asset class transactions (cross links), while defining the legal attributes of the intelligent contracts, including the nature of the intelligent contracts, the constituent elements and the rights and obligations of the participants. The enterprise pays the margin (or letter of credit) to the center according to the regulations, and the center carries out the two circulation of the letter of credit to maximize the profit. Although the establishment of asset anchor handling center is against the intention of "de centralization", any technology landing cannot happen overnight. We must seek a balance between centralization and centralization.
We imagine, with the combination of networking, artificial intelligence and block chain technology ", the future may be the ultimate shipping scene that each ship AI host through the Internet to their owner sales route space, through the payment of freight earned their fuel costs, repair fees, port charges, you can even hire human programmers to rewrite their code for their own upgrade, and all this without any external control under the condition of independent operation, because no commercial institutions they are run independently, does not belong to any person or any organization.
It can be seen that the value of block chain lies not in its technology itself, but behind the spirit of openness, openness and transparency. Only by carrying out this spirit can we be able to see each other honestly, give each other more energy and achieve win-win results in all walks of life.
昨天分享的文章中，已经提到北斗链和航众国际集团就航运业务与区块链未来的合作模式、发展方向及应用前景进行了讨论，深入分析了传统航运业务的特点及易于产生的问题。期待能借助区块链技术的应用，提升航运的效率，降低成本，从而企业借助新技术能够焕发新的活力。上篇文章中，从航运领域所涉及的业务内容角度，来展望了一些基于区块链技术的应用，航运业务所发生的改变。本篇我们继续来分享航运领域关于区块链技术的应用，不过我们今天从区块链角度来分析。
首先是技术开源共享。
区块链应用开发成功后是申请专利还是开源共享，这是困扰企业管理者的重大问题。有一点可以肯定，想要扩大航运应用生态圈，对交互协议和数据格式进行技术开源本身就是系统透明、安全、公正的最好证明。更关键的是保证了各网点间的契约问题。因为在联盟链中不需要对记账进行鼓励，不需要将“算力”作为奇缺资源，这时候只有通过技术开源使“必须记账”成为企业核心契约，即通过开源手段保证数据的同步、运算以及审计等能力。
其次是开发高并发联盟链。
区块链按照访问和管理权限可以分为公有链、私有链、联盟链：公有链，象互联网一样，向任何人公开，任何人自由加入；私有链，一个组织内部建立，可以帮助组织内部完成审计等工作；联盟链采用多中心网状模式，专为特定业务建立，可以在不同的物流供应商之间建立数据中心；数据一致性是分布式存储最大的问题，随着并发越高，冲突的概率就越大，这是公有链无法逾越的问题。但联盟链中由于主参与方并不多，不需要每个节点都记账，这就可以采用诸如“侧链技术、闪电网络”等共识机制获得更高的并发性能。
最后是成立资产锚处理中心。
将实物资产变为区块链上的代币，完成原生资产的上链过程以及跨资产类别交易的结算（跨链），同时明确智能合约的法律属性，包括智能合约的性质、构成要件和参与主体的权利义务。企业根据规定向中心缴纳保证金（或信用证），中心对信用证进行二次流通实现利润最大化。虽然成立资产锚处理中心有违“去中心化”初衷，但任何技术落地不可能一蹴而就，我们要在去中心化与中心化之间寻求平衡。
我们试想一下，随着“物联网、人工智能以及区块链技术”的强强联合，未来航运的终极场景或许是这样的——每艘船舶AI主机自己通过互联网向货主销售航线舱位，通过赚取的运费支付自己的燃油费、修理费、港口使费，甚至可以雇用人类程序员来重新编写它们的代码为自己升级，而这一切在没有任何外部控制的条件下自主运行，因为它们本身就是独立运行的无人商业机构，不属于任何人、任何组织。
由此可知区块链的价值不在于它的技术本身，而是它背后公开、开放、透明的精神，只有贯彻这种精神，我们才能够在未来各行各业的沟通协作中坦诚相见、相互赋能，实现多赢。