"• Increase overall energy efficiency from energy shortages."
I doubt how old energies, and especially increased productivity, will bring our planet to better aid than complete destruction of nature.
Ways of using solar energy or water only have long been discovered -
Unfortunately, due to the "money bag" (all industrial tycoons, bankers, etc.), the latest technology is in the drawer.
Global warming behind the door is already knocking on them, but so far, they do not want to understand how much land will depend for them when all it's over.