Bangladesh

Bangladesh, formally the People's Republic of Bangladesh (/baeld, b-/;[12] Bengali:, pronounced [balade] (listen)), is a nation in South Asia. Over 165 million people live there, making it the ninth most populated nation in the world. Its total area is 148,460 square kilometers (57,320 sq mi). [7] With land boundaries with India to the west, north, and east, Myanmar to the southeast, and the Bay of Bengal to the south, Bangladesh is one of the most populous nations in the world. The Siliguri Corridor, the northern Indian state of Sikkim, and the border with China are all that stand between it and Bhutan, Nepal, and Bhutan, respectively. The political, financial, and cultural hub of Bangladesh is Dhaka, the country's capital and largest metropolis. The busiest port on the Bay of Bengal is in Chittagong, the second-largest city in the country. Bengali, one of the most eastern branches of the Indo-European language family, is the national language. When India was partitioned in 1947, the historical and linguistic province of Bengal was divided, with Bangladesh making up the sovereign portion. [13] The bulk of Muslims in the nation are Bengali. Since ancient Bengal was the birthplace of the states of Vanga, Pundra, Gangaridai, Gauda, Samatata, and Harikela, it played a significant role in the development of Indian culture. The final dynasties to rule Bengal before to the advent of Islam were the Mauryan, Gupta, Pala, Sena, Chandra, and Deva. When Bakhtiar Khalji conquered northern Bengal and entered Tibet in 1204, the Muslim conquest of Bengal officially began. Three city-states that later joined the Delhi Sultanate were established in the fourteenth century, with Sonargaon controlling a large portion of eastern Bengal. Muslim power was spread thanks to the leadership of Sufi missionary figures like Sultan Balkhi, Shah Jalal, and Shah Makhdum Rupos. An autonomous, unified Bengal Sultanate was created from the area. Eastern Bengal thrived as the eastern subcontinent's center for Muslims during the Mughal era and attracted traders from all over the world. Due to robust commercial networks like the muslin trade, which supplied textiles for 40% of Dutch imports from Asia, the Bengali elite was among the wealthiest individuals in the world. Under the Nawabs of Bengal, Mughal Bengal grew more adamant and independent in the 18th century. The betrayal of Mir Jafar in 1757 led to the British East India Company's victory over Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah and ultimately to British domination throughout South Asia. The Bengal Presidency expanded to become British India's largest administrative region. Bangladesh's birth was made possible by the 1905 establishment of Eastern Bengal and Assam. On an effort to establish a state in the eastern subcontinent, the first Prime Minister of Bengal backed the Lahore Resolution in 1940. The Prime Minister of Bengal suggested a Bengali sovereign state before Bengal was divided. The Radcliffe Line was declared and a vote was held to determine the current geographical boundary. East Bengal surpassed other provinces in the Dominion of Pakistan in terms of population in 1947. With Dhaka becoming the nation's legislative capital, the name was changed to East Pakistan. The emergence of Bengali nationalism and pro-democracy movements in East Pakistan was influenced by the Bengali Language Movement in 1952, the East Bengali Legislative Election in 1954, the Pakistani coup d'état in 1958, the Six Point Movement in 1966, and the Pakistani general election in 1970. The 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War was sparked by the Pakistani military junta's unwillingness to hand over power to the Sheikh Mujibur Rahman-led Awami League. During this conflict, the Mukti Bahini, with the assistance of India, successfully waged an armed uprising. The struggle resulted in the genocide in Bangladesh in 1971 and the murder of Bengali people who supported independence, including academics. An Indo-Pacific intermediate power,[20] In South Asia, Bangladesh has the second-largest economy. It contributes significantly to UN peacekeeping operations and maintains the third-largest military in the neighborhood. Bangladesh is the third-largest country with a majority of Muslims due to the size of its Muslim population. Bangladesh is a Westminster-based unitary parliamentary constitutional republic. Ninety-nine percent of the people in Bangladesh are Bengalis. There are 8 divisions, 64 districts, and 495 sub districts in the entire nation. [22] As a result of the genocide against the Rohingya, it is home to one of the greatest refugee groups on earth. [23] Bangladesh faces numerous difficulties, particularly those brought on by climate change. [24] A pioneer in the Climate Vulnerable Forum is Bangladesh. It houses BIMSTEC's main office. It is a founding member of SAARC, a participant in the Commonwealth of Nations and the Organization of Islamic Cooperation.