The History of the Establishment of the Kingdom of Aceh Darussalam
Based on old records and historical records, the Kingdom of Aceh Darussalam is built on the ruins of Hindu and Buddhist Kingdoms such as the Indra Purba Kingdom, Indra Purwa Kingdom, Indra Patra Kingdom and Indra Pura Kingdom From Execution of Tombstones in Pande Village one of the tombstones was the headstone of Sultan Firman Shah's grandson from Sultan Johan Syah, it was revealed that Banda Aceh was the capital of the Aceh Kingdom built on Friday, the 1st of Ramadan 601 H (April 22, 1205 AD) built by Sultan Johan Shah After successfully conquered the Hindu / Buddhist Indra Purba with its capital Bandar Lamuri.
About Lamuri City there are those who say he is the Urik Lam now in Aceh Besar. According to Dr. NA Baloch and Dr. Lance Castle associated with Lamuri is Lamreh at Malahayati Port (Krueng Raya now). While Istanaya built on the edge of Kuala Naga (later became Krueng Aceh) in Pande Village today with the name of Kandang Aceh. And during the reign of Sultan Alaidin Mahmud Syah's grandson, a new palace was built opposite Kuala Naga (Krueng Aceh) under the name of Kuta Dalam Darud Dunia (within Meligoe Aceh or Governor's Hall now) and he founded Djaito Baiturrahman Mosque in 691 H.
Banda Aceh Darussalam as the capital of the Kingdom of Aceh Darussalam and is now the capital of Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam province, 808 years old (2013 AD) is one of the oldest Islamic cities in Southeast Asia. Along with the development of the era of the Kingdom of Aceh in the course of its history has been happening glorious times and there have also been bleak moments that bother.
The glorious period of the Kingdom of Aceh Darussalam during the reign of Sultan Alaidin Ali Mughayat Syah, Sultan Alaidin Abdul Qahhar (Al Qahhar), Sultan Alaidin Iskandar Muda Meukuta Alam and Sultanah Tajul Alam Safiatuddin.
The period of the trial period was heavy, during the Queen's reign which consisted of Wujudiyah's responses became frenzied because the back-calling failed, then they carried out the massacre by laundering Kuta Dalam Darud Dunia, Daitami Baiturrahman Mosque and other buildings within the city.
Then Banda Aceh Darussalam Destruction at the time of the outbreak of the Civil War between the reigning sultan and his younger brothers, this event is described by Teungku Perukuk in his literary work, Hikayat Pocut Muhammad.
A very difficult time in the history of Banda Aceh Darussalam during the 70-year-long 70-year-long 70-year-long 70-year-long journey by the Sultan and the People of Aceh in response to the Dutch ultimatum dated March 26, 1837. And worse after Banda Aceh Darussalam was ruined and over the ruins of the Islamic City prevailing in this archipelago, the Dutch established Kutaraja as the first step of the Dutch effort to eliminate and destroy the gloriousness of Kerajaanaan Aceh Darussalam and its capital Banda Aceh Darussalam.
The ruler of the Kingdom of the Netherlands and Banda Aceh named him with Kutaraja, which was then ratified by the Governor-General in Batavia with a date dated March 16, 1874, since that time Banda Aceh Darussalam has been interred and Kutaraja affirmed above as a symbol of Colonialism.
These names were prevalent among the colonialists who had experienced and they assumed that Van Swieten was only seeking face to the Dutch Empire because they had conquered the Acehnese warriors and they doubted it.
Beginning of Banda Aceh City Determination
After 89 years the name of Banda Aceh Darussalam was buried and Kutaraja was revived, then in 1963 Banda Aceh was revived, according to the decision of the Minister of Public Administration and Regional Autonomy dated May 9, 1963 No. Dec 52/1 / 43-43. And since that date Banda Aceh officially became the name of the capital of Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam Province is no longer Kutaraja until now.
The history of the sadness of Banda Aceh's fresh city in the devastating earthquake and tsunami on Sunday 26 December 2004 has highlighted one-third of the City of Banda Aceh. Hundreds of thousands of lives became victims along with their possessions adding to the bitterness of Banda Aceh residents. This earthquake and tsunami disaster with a strength of 8.9 SR is now the word of the world.